Regulation of the intestinal microbiota: An emerging therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

The rapid development of metagenomics, metabolomics, and metatranscriptomics provides novel insights into the intestinal microbiota factors linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple microorganisms play a role in intestinal health; these include bacteria, fungi, and viruses that exist in a dynamic balance to maintain mucosal homeostasis. Perturbations in the intestinal microbiota disrupt mucosal homeostasis and are closely related to IBD in humans and colitis in mice. Therefore, preventing or correcting the imbalance of microbiota may serve as a novel prevention or treatment strategy for IBD. We review the most recent evidence for direct or indirect interventions targeting intestinal microbiota for treatment of IBD in order to overcome the current limitations of IBD therapies and shed light on personalized treatment options.

Strains producing different short-chain fatty acids alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating intestinal microecology

“…8 In addition, previous studies have shown that additional intake of beneficial bacteria can compete with harmful bacteria for adhesion sites and restore the balance of the intestinal flora, which is a target for treating UC. 9 Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when given in adequate amounts, can provide health benefits to the host. 10 Probiotics usually promote health by regulating the endostasis of intestinal microorganisms, and Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and various probiotic complexes are widely used in UC alleviation studies.…”

“…8 In addition, previous studies have shown that additional intake of beneficial bacteria can compete with harmful bacteria for adhesion sites and restore the balance of the intestinal flora, which is a target for treating UC. 9…”

Traditional Chinese Medicine Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Gut Microbiota

“…Alterations and disruptions to the intestinal barrier are observed in patients with UC [ 77 ]. Several studies have reported gut microbiota and its metabolites altered intestinal permeability and promoted the level of intestinal tight junction proteins, such as claudin, and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) [ 78 – 80 ]. It has been reported that TCM could protect intestinal barrier via microbiota.…”

Advancement in Therapeutic Intervention of Prebiotic-Based Nanoparticles for Colonic Diseases

“…Approaches aiming to reverse gut microbial disorders include dietary intervention, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotic or prebiotic supplementation, etc. 30 Microbial nutriology has shown that the composition of gut microbiota is largely related to the host diet and the dietary structure. A long-term adherence of changing dietary habits and patterns can cause alteration in gut microbiota of the host.…”