Regulation of the temperature regime of lower pools of high-head hydro developments

Lyapin, V. E.

doi:10.1007/bf01434338

Hydrotechnical Construction

1990

DOI: 10.1007/bf01434338

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Regulation of the temperature regime of lower pools of high-head hydro developments

V. E. Lyapin¹

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“…Numerous attempts have previously been made to solve this problem using a selective water intake from the surface layers of the reservoir [6,7]. By the close of the 1950s, the low water temperatures used to cool reactors at the nuclear center in Hanford were maintained by multistory spillway structures at the Grand Coulee Dam (Columbia River in the USA).…”

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Regulation of the thermal regime of the water course in the lower pool of HPP on Siberian rivers

Zhilenkov

Ladenko

2007

Power Technol Eng

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Effective methods are proposed for regulation of the thermal regime of the water courses in the lower pools of HPP.The principles, problems, and basic trends in the business of the RAO "EÉS Rossii" in the area of environmental protection and assurance of ecological safety, including the following, are defined in the company's declared ecological policy [1]:-consideration of the priority of ecological safety as a component part of the national safety;-scientific substantiation of the ecological policy, and development of scientific research in the field of environmental protection in electric-power generation; and, -the priority of adopting preventive measures over and above those taken to eliminate ecologically negative effects.The investigations presented in this paper, which have been conducted in the Problem Laboratory of the JSC VNIIG im. B. E. Vedeneeva to develop effective means of regulating the thermal regime of water courses in the lower pools of HPP on rivers of Siberia and the Far East (in regions with sharply expressed seasonal cycles), are in complete conformity with the principles, and also with the thematic "Problems concerning control of effects in lower pools during the operation of hydroprojects," which is included in the list of questions discussed at congresses of the Internal Commission on large Dams (ICOLD) since its inception.One of the unfavorable factors encountered in the construction HPP is the change in the thermal regime of the water course, which usually exerts a negative influence on the microclimate of the riparian area, and on the river flora and fauna. The extent of this influence will depend on the capacity of the HPP, and the dimensions and flowage of the reservoir, and is manifested to the greatest degree as a change in water temperature in the lower pools of hydroprojects constructed on rivers of Siberia and the Far East.Possible negative effects of HPP construction on the temperature change in the lower pool must be examined and minimized as early as the design stage, in connection with the fact that it is necessary to have in advance a clear representation of the hydrothermal regime of the future reservoir. Some methodical recommendations regarding selection of computational schemes for the hydrothermal structure of reservoirs are presented in [2 -4], where the overall initial position consists in the fact that heat exchange through the water surface is a basic year-round factor, which is established after construction of HPP, since their is virtually no exchange of heat with the bottom. The temperature of the air will mainly affect the temperature of the surface layers of water. This results in the formation of a characteristic hydrothermal regime in these water bodies, when the period of the spring homotherm during which the water temperature in the reservoir becomes similar over its entire depth -approximately 4 -5°C -is observed after the reservoir has been cleared of ice in the spring. A so-called thermocline, i.e., a zone of seasonal temperature jump, which begins wit...

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Regulation of the thermal regime of the water course in the lower pool of HPP on Siberian rivers

Zhilenkov

Ladenko

2007

Power Technol Eng

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Approximation of the temperature regime of a river to the natural in the lower pool of a high-head hydro development by selective withdrawal

Eliseev¹,

Koren'kov²,

Lyapin³

et al. 1993

Hydrotechnical Construction

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Possible improvement of the ice and thermal conditions in the lower pool of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric station

Gotlib¹

1996

Hydrotechnical Construction

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The problem which is stated in the title of the present article is not new. It, just as its individual aspects with reference to the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric station and other hydro developments in Siberia, was elucidated widely in the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].The mass media discuss this problem in their own way and quite emotionally. Therefore, we considered it expedient to again call attention to the problem and to show in the present review that it is solvable and its solution can be realized.The most important factors determining the temperature and ice regime of the lower pools of hydrostations are the thermal regime of the reservoir (including the temperature of the water entering the lower IX~Ol from the reservoir), the regime of releases of the hydrostations, and the meteorological conditions. In addition to these factors, the size of the reservoir (area, volume, depth), its configuration, hydrologic regime under regulated conditions, and inflow to the reservoir have an effect. The conditions of the entry of water from the upper into the lower pool related to the depth of the water-intake openings as well as discharges into rivers of warn industrial waters by enterprises and other water users, which occur in the lower pools of hydrostations, also have a quite substantial effect. The role of the last factor increases with increase of the volume and temperature of the waters being discharged. Therefore when speaking about the lower pool of the Krasnoyarsk hydrostation one must not forget about the largest city in Siberia located 40 km from the hydrostation and the large volumes of heated waters being discharged by enterprises and municipal services of the city and its industrial zone.

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Regulation of the temperature regime of lower pools of high-head hydro developments

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Regulation of the thermal regime of the water course in the lower pool of HPP on Siberian rivers

Regulation of the thermal regime of the water course in the lower pool of HPP on Siberian rivers

Approximation of the temperature regime of a river to the natural in the lower pool of a high-head hydro development by selective withdrawal

Possible improvement of the ice and thermal conditions in the lower pool of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric station

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