Regulation of the α-glucuronidase-encoding gene (aguA) from Aspergillus niger

Vries, Ronald P. de; Vondervoort, Peter J. I. van de; Hendriks, Lauren; Belt, M. van de; Visser, Jaap

doi:10.1007/s00438-002-0729-7

Cited by 63 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Details for all genes are in SI Table 5. A multitude of genes are known from A. niger: xylanase B (xlnB/ xynB) (10,13), arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (axhA) (13), acetyl xylan esterase (axeA) (13), ferulic acid esterase A ( faeA) (13,17), endoglucanase A (eglA) (13), ␣-and ␤-galactosidase [lacA (18), and (aglB) (18)], cellobiohydrolase A (cbhA) (19), D-xylose reductase (xyrA) (12), ␤-xylosidase (xlnD) (10,13), and ␣-glucuronidase (aguA) (13,16). Additionally, Dxylulokinase (xkiA) (15) has been reported to be induced on xylose but not regulated by XlnR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A trispeciesAspergillusmicroarray: Comparative transcriptomics of threeAspergillusspecies

Andersen

Vongsangnak

Panagiotou

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

117

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The full-genome sequencing of the filamentous fungi Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus oryzae has opened possibilities for studying the cellular physiology of these fungi on a systemic level. As a tool to explore this, we are making available an Affymetrix GeneChip developed for transcriptome analysis of any of the three above-mentioned aspergilli. Transcriptome analysis of triplicate batch cultivations of all three aspergilli on glucose and xylose media was used to validate the performance of the microarray. Gene comparisons of all three species and crossanalysis with the expression data identified 23 genes to be a conserved response across Aspergillus sp., including the xylose transcriptional activator XlnR. A promoter analysis of the upregulated genes in all three species indicates the conserved XlnRbinding site to be 5-GGNTAAA-3. The composition of the conserved gene-set suggests that xylose acts as a molecule, indicating the presence of complex carbohydrates such as hemicellulose, and triggers an array of degrading enzymes. With this case example, we present a validated tool for transcriptome analysis of three Aspergillus species and a methodology for conducting cross-species evolutionary studies within a genus using comparative transcriptomics.Aspergillus nidulans ͉ Aspergillus niger ͉ Aspergillus oryzae ͉ XlnR

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…van Peij et al (13) demonstrate that for A. niger, the last base of the motif can vary. de Vries et al (16) describe induction via a 5Ј-GGCTAR-3Ј motif in A. niger. Marui et al (11) describe the binding site to be 5Ј-GGCTA/GA-3Ј for A. oryzae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A trispeciesAspergillusmicroarray: Comparative transcriptomics of threeAspergillusspecies

Andersen

Vongsangnak

Panagiotou

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

117

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“…RNA isolation and Northern analysis were performed as described previously (6). For confocal microscopy, an Axiovert 200 M microscope with an Apochromat 40ϫ (1.3 numerical aperture) water immersion objective and Zeiss LSM 5 Pa confocal laser scanning microscope were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Developmental Differentiation of Mannitol Dehydrogenase and Mannitol-1-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Aspergillus niger

Aguilar-Osorio¹,

vanKuyk

Schink

et al. 2010

Eukaryot Cell

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The presence of a mannitol cycle in fungi has been subject to discussion for many years. Recent studies have found no evidence for the presence of this cycle and its putative role in regenerating NADPH. However, all enzymes of the cycle could be measured in cultures of Aspergillus niger. In this study we have analyzed the localization of two enzymes from the pathway, mannitol dehydrogenase and mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the expression of their encoding genes in nonsporulating and sporulating cultures of A. niger. Northern analysis demonstrated that mpdA was expressed in both sporulating and nonsporulating mycelia, while expression of mtdA was expressed only in sporulating mycelium. More detailed studies using green fluorescent protein and dTomato fused to the promoters of mtdA and mpdA, respectively, demonstrated that expression of mpdA occurs in vegetative hyphae while mtdA expression occurs in conidiospores. Activity assays for MtdA and MpdA confirmed the expression data, indicating that streaming of these proteins is not likely to occur. These results confirm the absence of the putative mannitol cycle in A. niger as two of the enzymes of the cycle are not present in the same part of A. niger colonies. The results also demonstrate the existence of spore-specific genes and enzymes in A. niger.Mannitol has been described as one of the main compatible solutes in fungi (20) and may play a role as a storage carbon source (3) or a protectant against a variety of stresses (10,16,20,22). Mannitol metabolism in fungi has been the subject of study for decades. It was proposed to exist in the form of a cyclic pathway, the mannitol cycle (9). This cycle consists of four steps enabling the conversion of fructose into mannitol and back to fructose (Fig. 1). The main role proposed for this cycle was regenerating NADPH (9, 10). Subsequently, many studies have questioned the existence of a mannitol cycle (reviewed in reference 20), and it has been shown that a mannitol cycle is not involved in NADPH regeneration in Stagonospora nodorum (19), Aspergillus niger (16), and Alternaria alternata (21). However, all enzymes of the cycle were detected in both sporulating and nonsporulating mycelia in A. niger (16), suggesting that a cycle could operate in this fungus. Fungi are able to use mannitol as a sole carbon source but do so in various ways (7).D-Mannitol plays an important role in germination of Aspergillus conidia. In A. niger (23) and Aspergillus oryzae (8), mannitol accumulates in conidiospores and is utilized during the initial stages of germination. Production of mannitol appears to be largely dependent on mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (MPD) while mannitol dehydrogenase (MTD) contributes to a lesser extent (16,19,20).In this study we demonstrate that MTD and MPD as well as the expression of the corresponding genes (mtdA and mpdA) are spatially separated in colonies of A. niger. This demonstrates that a mannitol cycle does not exist in this fungus and shows that spores express specific genes that are invol...

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“…In previous studies, the functional XlnR binding sites, identified by motif searching or biochemical experiments, contain either 5=-GGCTAA-3=, 5=-GGCTGA-3=, or 5=-GGCTAG-3= (9,15,34,38,63,64). Andersen et al also proposed an additional XlnR binding motif, 5=-GGNTAAA-3=, in 3 Aspergillus species when grown on xylose medium (2).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms Associated with Hemicellulose Degradation in Neurospora crassa

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACTHemicellulose, the second most abundant plant biomass fraction after cellulose, is widely viewed as a potential substrate for the production of liquid fuels and other value-added materials. Degradation of hemicellulose by filamentous fungi requires production of many different enzymes, which are induced by biopolymers or its derivatives and regulated mainly at the transcriptional level through transcription factors (TFs).Neurospora crassa, a model filamentous fungus, expresses and secretes enzymes required for plant cell wall deconstruction. To better understand genes specifically associated with degradation of hemicellulose, we applied secretome and transcriptome analysis toN. crassagrown on beechwood xylan. We identified 34 secreted proteins and 353 genes with elevated transcription on xylan. The xylanolytic phenotype of strains with deletions in genes identified from the secretome and transcriptome analysis of the wild type was assessed, revealing functions for known and unknown proteins associated with hemicellulose degradation. By evaluating phenotypes of strains containing deletions of predicted TF genes inN. crassa, we identified a TF (XLR-1;xylan degradationregulator1) essential for hemicellulose degradation that is an ortholog to XlnR/XYR1 inAspergillusandTrichodermaspecies, respectively, a major transcriptional regulator of genes encoding both cellulases and hemicellulases. Deletion ofxlr-1inN. crassaabolished growth on xylan and xylose, but growth on cellulose and cellulolytic activity were only slightly affected. To determine the regulatory mechanisms for hemicellulose degradation, we explored the transcriptional regulon of XLR-1 under xylose, xylanolytic, and cellulolytic conditions. XLR-1 regulated only some predicted hemicellulase genes inN. crassaand was required for a full induction of several cellulase genes. Hemicellulase gene expression was induced by a combination of release from carbon catabolite repression (CCR) and induction. This systematic analysis illustrates the similarities and differences in regulation of hemicellulose degradation among filamentous fungi.

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Regulation of the α-glucuronidase-encoding gene (aguA) from Aspergillus niger

Cited by 63 publications

References 20 publications

A trispeciesAspergillusmicroarray: Comparative transcriptomics of threeAspergillusspecies

A trispeciesAspergillusmicroarray: Comparative transcriptomics of threeAspergillusspecies

Spatial and Developmental Differentiation of Mannitol Dehydrogenase and Mannitol-1-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Aspergillus niger

Deciphering Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms Associated with Hemicellulose Degradation in Neurospora crassa

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