Regulation of Virulence Factors Expression During the Intestinal Colonization of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>

Wang, Jingyu; Zhan, Yuming; Sun, Han; Fu, Xiaodan; Kong, Qing; Zhu, Chunshen; Mou, Haijin

doi:10.1089/fpd.2021.0057

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Two patients infected with V. parahaemolyticus presented bloody stool samples with 76.9% (10/13) of V. parahaemolyticus infected patients on admission. Bloody stool samples can be a result of V. parahaemolyticus damaging the epithelial layer of the small intestines through the creation of cavities ( Wang et al, 2022 ). Classical V. parahaemolyticus infection symptoms such as high fever (53.8%), vomiting (53.8%), muscular cramps (46.2%), and general weakness (76.9%) were observed in all infected patients consistent with reports by Jung (2018) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns Among Diarrhea Patients From Ghana

et al. 2022

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Diarrheal disease remains a major global health problem particularly in children under 5 years and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of causative pathogens could slow control efforts, particularly in settings where treatment options are limited. This surveillance study conducted in Ghana aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of diarrhea-causing bacteria. This was a cross-sectional study carried out in five health facilities in the Ga West Municipality of Ghana between 2017 and 2021. Diarrheic stool samples from patients were collected and cultured on standard differential/selective media and isolates identified by standard biochemical tests, MALDI-TOF assay, and serological analysis. The antibiogram was determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and Microscan autoScan4 MIC panels which were used for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) detection. Bacteria were isolated from 97.5% (772/792) of stool samples, and 167 of the isolates were diarrheagenic and met our inclusion criteria for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) analysis. These included Escherichia coli (49.1%, 82/167), Salmonella species (23.9%, 40/167), Vibrio species (16.8%, 28/167), and Shigella species (10.2%, 17/167). Among 24 Vibrio species, we observed resistances to cefotaxime (21/24, 87.5%), ceftriaxone (20/24, 83.3%), and ciprofloxacin (6/24, 25%), including four multi-drug resistant isolates. All 13 Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates were resistant to cefazolin. All 17 Shigella isolates were resistant to tetracycline with resistance to shigellosis drugs such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Salmonella isolates were highly susceptible to norfloxacin (40/40, 100%) and tetracycline (12/34, 35%). Two ESBL-producing E. coli were also identified with marked susceptibility to gentamicin (66/72, 91.7%) and amikacin (57/72, 79.2%) prescribed in the treatment of E. coli infections. This study showed the different bacteria implicated in diarrhea cases in Ghana and the need for differential diagnoses for better treatment outcomes. Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and Vibrio have all been implicated in diarrhea cases in Ghana. The highest prevalence was E. coli and Salmonella with Shigella the least prevalent. Resistance to commonly used drugs found in these isolates may render bacteria infection treatment in the near future nearly impossible. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing, effective monitoring, and nationwide surveillance of AMR pathogens should be implemented to curb the increase of antimicrobial resistance in Ghana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns Among Diarrhea Patients From Ghana

et al. 2022

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“…3 ). Additionally, QS controls the swarming potential of V. parahaemolyticus 6 , and the suppression of swarming by IPBC suggests an ability to interfere with QS systems at the sub-MIC level. Furthermore, sub-MIC IPBC reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity of S. aureus, and thus, its ability to attach to hydrophobic surfaces (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This bacterium is also capable of causing acute gastroenteritis resulting from the ingestion of contaminated raw or undercooked or improperly handled marine food products 5 . The high prevalence and frequency of outbreaks caused by this pathogen are alarming, especially in the USA and Asia 6 . Furthermore, V. parahaemolyticus possesses a number of virulence factors, including polar and lateral flagella, and adhesion factors that increase its ability to invade hosts, attach to surfaces, and produce biofilms 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high prevalence and frequency of outbreaks caused by this pathogen are alarming, especially in the USA and Asia 6 . Furthermore, V. parahaemolyticus possesses a number of virulence factors, including polar and lateral flagella, and adhesion factors that increase its ability to invade hosts, attach to surfaces, and produce biofilms 6 . V. parahaemolyticus in biofilm state is capable of enhanced virulence 7 and its transcriptional protein ToxR directly regulates both biofilm formation and thermostable direct hemolysin 4 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of iodinated hydrocarbons against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus

Faleye,

Lee

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Food-related illnesses have become a growing public concern due to their considerable socioeconomic and medical impacts. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus have been implicated as causative organisms of food-related infections and poisoning, and both can form biofilms which confer antibiotic resistance. Hence, the need for continuous search for compounds with antibiofilm and antivirulence properties. In this study, 22 iodinated hydrocarbons were screened for their antibiofilm activity, and of these, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC) was found to effectively control biofilm formation of both pathogens with a MIC of 50 µg/mL which was bactericidal to V. parahaemolyticus and S. aureus. Microscopic studies confirmed IPBC inhibits biofilm formation of both bacteria and also disrupted their mixed biofilm formation. Furthermore, IPBC suppressed virulence activities such as motility and hemolytic activity of V. parahaemolyticus and the cell surface hydrophobicity of S. aureus. It exhibited a preservative potential against both pathogens in a shrimp model. IPBC disrupted the cell membrane of S. aureus and V. parahaemolyticus and differentially affected gene expressions related to biofilm formation and virulence. Additionally, it displayed broad-spectrum antibiofilm activities against other clinically relevant pathogens. These findings indicate IPBC offers a potential means of controlling infections mediated by Vibrio and Staphylococcus biofilms.

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“…Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus infection has not been completely and explicitly elucidated. The major virulence factors that have been recently characterized include adhesins, flagella, hemolysin, and two type III secretion systems (T3SSs), namely T3SS1 and T3SS2 [ 18 , 19 ]. Every T3SS produces a distinct group of effectors that contributes to virulence by interacting with various host targets and performing various functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulatory Network of the Noncoding RNA Qrr5 Involved in the Cytotoxicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus during Infection

Zha

Pang²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) in bacteria are important regulatory molecules for controlling virulence. In Vibrio spp., Qrr sRNAs are critical for quorum-sensing pathways and regulating the release of some virulence factors. However, the detailed role of Qrr sRNAs in the virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified a Vibrio sRNA Qrr5 that positively regulates cytotoxicity and adherence in Caco-2 cells by primarily regulating the T3SS1 gene cluster. A number of 185, 586, 355, and 74 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 h post-infection, respectively, were mainly associated with ABC transporters and two-component system pathways. The DEGs exhibited a dynamic change in expression at various time points post-infection owing to the deletion of Qrr5. Accordingly, 17 related genes were identified in the co-expression network, and their interaction with Qrr5 was determined based on weighted co-expression network analysis during infection. Taken together, our results provide a comprehensive transcriptome profile of V. parahaemolyticus during infection in Caco-2 cells.

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Regulation of Virulence Factors Expression During the Intestinal Colonization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Cited by 11 publications

References 75 publications

Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns Among Diarrhea Patients From Ghana

Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns Among Diarrhea Patients From Ghana

Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of iodinated hydrocarbons against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus

Gene Regulatory Network of the Noncoding RNA Qrr5 Involved in the Cytotoxicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus during Infection

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