Regulatory considerations surrounding the deployment Of Bt-expressing cowpea in Africa

Huesing, J. E.; Romeis, Jörg; Ellstrand, Norman C.; Raybould, Alan; Hellmich, Richard L.; Wolt, Jeff; Ehlers, Jeffrey D.; Dabiré, C.; Fatokun, Christian; Hokanson, Karen; Ishiyaku, Mohammad F.; Margam, Venu M.; Obokoh, Nompumelelo; Mignouna, Jacob; Nang’ayo, F.; Ouedraogo, Jeremy T.; Pasquet, Rémy; Pittendrigh, Barry R.; Schaal, Barbara A.; Stein, J. M.; Tamò, Manuele; Murdock, Larry L.

doi:10.4161/gmcr.2.3.18689

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A recent advance involves engineering cowpea-encoding genes that express the Cry1Ab delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) subsp. kurstaki (Popelka et al, 2006;Chaudhury et al, 2007;Adesoye et al, 2008;Huesing et al, 2011), but this technique carries the risk of resistance development as noted for the stem borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Campagne et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Tumuhaise

Ekesi

Mohamed

et al. 2015

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)Abstract. The aim of this study was to identify and develop entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides for management of Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). Fourteen isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and six of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. were screened against first instar larvae of M. vitrata. The two most virulent isolates were selected and further tested for production in four liquid media. Different formulations of one isolate were evaluated against different developmental stages. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 18 and ICIPE 69 caused highest larval mortality of 91 and 81%, with lethal time to 50% mortality (LT 50 ) values of 1.8 and 1.7 days and LC 50 of 1.07 £ 10 7 and 3.01 £ 10 6 conidia/ml, respectively. ICIPE 69 yielded more biomass and propagules in two liquid media than ICIPE 18. All developmental stages and adult moths were susceptible to fungal infection and horizontal transmission caused a significant reduction in fecundity. Isolate ICIPE 69 was identified as the most potent isolate for managing M. vitrata based on demonstrated efficacy against different developmental stages and amenability to production in liquid media and could be utilized as an alternative to pesticides in cowpea IPM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Tumuhaise

Ekesi

Mohamed

et al. 2015

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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“…Because intermediate levels of toxicity may contribute to differential selection between homozygous susceptible and heterozygous insects even when both are susceptible at higher toxin doses (Onstad 2008), we take a conservative approach and permit cross-pollination to create cowpea plants of intermediate toxicity (Tables 1 and 2). Our approach can be thought of as simulating one or two homozygous plant genes in purchased Bt cowpea (Huesing et al 2011) and nontoxic homozygous …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…kurstaki (Popelka et al 2006, Chaudhury et al 2007, Adesoye et al 2008, Huesing et al 2011. (The Cry1Ab technology is registered by Monsanto [ Creve Coeur, MO] and was given to the African Agricultural Technology Foundation for use in cowpea in Africa.)…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling Evolution of Resistance byMaruca vitrata(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Transgenic Insecticidal Cowpea in Africa

Onstad

Kang

et al. 2012

Environ Entomol

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We created a detailed model of the Maruca vitrata (F.) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] system to study the possible evolution of resistance by the insect to transgenic insecticidal cowpea, which is under development. We focused on population dynamics and genetics in a region of west Africa. We simulated single-toxin and pyramided (two-toxin) cowpea and emphasized conservative, worst-case scenarios in our analysis. The results indicate that as long as a pyramided, transgenic cowpea can be developed, seed saving by farmers and reliance on natural refuge are not major problems for resistance management. Furthermore, it is possible that one or both toxins in the pyramid may not need to be high dose for evolution to be delayed significantly (>20 yr or 80 generations for resistance to become a concern if transgenic cowpea is deployed in areas where M. vitrata is endemic). If efforts are made to deploy transgenic cowpea only into the regions where M. vitrata is not endemic, then there is little to no concern with resistance emerging in the M. vitrata population.

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“…Production of GM crop is irreversible trend not only in plant biotech area but in agro-business. So far, many countries have developed various GM crops (Chandel et al 2010;Huesing et al 2011;Storer et al 2012). With future prospect to produce GM crop in Korea, studies dealing with molecular breeding of transgenic plant as this, is a prerequisite for a successful production of GM crops.…”

Section: O Grandiglumis (Allotetraploid Ccdd) Is Endemic Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Near-isogenic Transgenic Rice Lines Harboring Wild Rice (Oryza grandiglumis)-Derived Fungal Resistance Gene (OgPR1)

Pak¹,

Oh²,

Kim³

et al. 2013

Plant Breed. Biotech.

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This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT A total of 34 T1 transgenic rice lines overexpressing OgPR1 from wild rice (Oryza grandiglumis) were produced in the previous study. Selection of transgenic plants using hygromycin selection medium was continuously done until T4 generation to find ten homozygous lines. These ten T4 lines were established in the Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) field of NICS (National Institute of Crop Science) in the year of 2007. Phenotypic uniformity and performance was evaluated and compared to the control Dongjin. Two lines were selected for Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) and Replicated Yield Trial (RYT). Based on morpho-agronomic trait performance, the transgenic plants tended to head later than the control. Culm length was similar to the wild-type Dongjin but the panicle length was relatively reduced. In case of panicle number, transgenic lines showed a little increment compared to wild-type. The shape of grain was nearly the same to wild-type. Yield among lines showed a little difference but was statistically not significant. In terms of physiochemical property of the grain, the transgenic lines showed higher amylose content than the wild-type. When OgPR1-expressing transgenic rice plants were tested against rice blast disease, an enhanced resistance against the disease was observed in the transgenic plants.

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Regulatory considerations surrounding the deployment Of Bt-expressing cowpea in Africa

Cited by 32 publications

References 61 publications

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Modeling Evolution of Resistance byMaruca vitrata(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Transgenic Insecticidal Cowpea in Africa

Development of Near-isogenic Transgenic Rice Lines Harboring Wild Rice (Oryza grandiglumis)-Derived Fungal Resistance Gene (OgPR1)

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