Regulatory-driven risk assessment to improve drinking-water quality: A case study of private water supplies in England and Wales

Herschan, Jo; Pond, Katherine; Malcolm, Rosalind

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2022.11.011

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interviewees in this study identified prioritization as a factor which supports improvement action (Figure 4) with some calling for strategies which help them to prioritize remedial action required to drive incremental improvement. Prioritizing action can be especially beneficial to focus attention and resources in resource-limited settings, such as SDWS [30,31].…”

Section: Drinking-water Management Challenges In Rwanda Which Wsps Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These activities could form a useful basis for subsequent risk management and should be built upon and incorporated as part of a wider WSP. The legislative attention on catchment management and pollution reduction [25] may have contributed to the practical focus on catchment management indicating the benefits of focused legislation to drive risk management [31]. Expanding the process of risk management to downstream activities, such as household water treatment or storage of drinking-water, would be beneficial to ensure assessment of risk at each drinking-water process stage.…”

Section: Drinking-water Management Practices In Rwanda Which Could Be...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional interviews with RURA and MININFRA could support understanding and potentially contribute to the future policy direction of WSPs. Further research into the direct and indirect links between the role of the regulatory environment on elements of WSP implementation, specifically in Rwanda, would be beneficial to support effective regulatory change (e.g., [31]).…”

Section: Areas For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Progress of Using Risk Assessment to Manage Small Drinking-Water Supplies in Rwanda: A Preliminary Study

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The World Health Organization promotes risk assessment and risk management through Water Safety Plans (WSPs) as the most effective way to manage drinking-water supplies. Despite proven advantages of this approach in other regions, WSPs are still not widely used across small drinking-water supplies in Sub Saharan Africa. The aim of this research is to identify good practices and related gaps which may assist with formal uptake of WSPs for small drinking-water supplies in Rwanda. Through semi-structured interviews with the key stakeholders involved in small drinking-water supply management across Rwanda, the aim is achieved through the investigation of the following: (i) current drinking-water management challenges; (ii) stakeholder collaboration and data management activities including reporting of information; and (iii) the regulatory and policy environment. The use and awareness of WSPs in Rwanda was confirmed as low. However certain drinking-water management activities which align with the WSP methodology are being carried out. These include catchment management and stakeholder collaboration. Although legislation and policy are in place in Rwanda, communication and training of methods to implement WSPs are required to sustainably embed WSPs into practice. Several elements, including community engagement, systematic review of risks and data management, require greater focus to align with the WSP methodology. Respondents highlighted key drinking-water management challenges, including reactive budgeting and lack of sector prioritization, which could benefit from formal WSP implementation.

show abstract

Section: Drinking-water Management Challenges In Rwanda Which Wsps Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drinking-water Management Practices In Rwanda Which Could Be...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Areas For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Progress of Using Risk Assessment to Manage Small Drinking-Water Supplies in Rwanda: A Preliminary Study

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Implementing risk-based approaches to improve drinking water quality in small water supplies in the Nordic region – barriers and solutions

Gunnarsdottir,

Gardarsson,

Eriksson

et al. 2023

Journal of Water and Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Small water supplies face similar problems worldwide, regardless of ownership or management type. Non-compliance with water quality regulations is more frequent in small supplies than in large ones, as are waterborne disease outbreaks. The new European Union Drinking Water Directive requires risk-based approach (RBA) to secure water safety as is recommended in the World Health Organization's Guidelines for drinking water quality through ‘water safety plans’. This is already in regulation in the Nordic countries, although less used in small supplies. In this research, we explore the challenges, barriers and possible solutions to implementing RBA and improving compliance in small supplies. This was achieved by conducting and analysing interviews with 53 stakeholders from all eight Nordic countries to produce recommendations for action by the different implicated actors. Our findings suggest the centrality of governmental policy, including support for continuous training, provision of simple RBA guidelines and increasing cooperation in the water sector. The Nordic experience reflects global challenges with small water supplies and the trend towards systematic preventive management epitomized in the framework for drinking water safety advocated by the World Health Organization since 2004.

show abstract

Separation Zone Required to Buffer Hazardous Waste Landfills Impact on Scattered Water Supply Sources: From a Whole Lifespan Perspective

Qiu

Yan

et al. 2023

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Threats from landfill leachate leakage to groundwater quality in remote areas is a major concern globally. Buffering distance (BFD) maintained between landfill site and groundwater supply wells is important to prevent drinking water from contamination of hazardous pollutant. Ignoring the leakage increase in the end of landfill life leads to an underestimate of BFD demand, posing potential threat to drinking safety. This paper constructs a framework for BFD prediction with the consideration of landfill performance degradation by coupling landfill performance evaluation model with the aging and defect evolution model of landfill engineering materials, and carries out model application and verification in a coastal hazardous waste landfill. The results show that during the life cycle of a landfill, its BFD experienced a 1.5-time increase from the start of its operation to its life end and reached 3000 m. Under the condition of landfill performance degradation, the BFDs required to attenuate heavy metals experience more increase than those of organic pollutants; BFD required for zinc (Zn), for example, increases 720 m over the no-degradation condition, while 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-D) increases by only 288 m. Considering the uncertainty sourced from model parameter and structure, the BFD should be more than 4050 m to ensure long-term safe drinking under unfavorable conditions such as large amount of leachate, weak degradation and fast diffusion of pollutant in vadose and aquifer. If the BFD cannot meet the demand at the end of the landfill life, the leaching behavior of solid waste can be controlled to reduce it depending on BFD. For example, when the leaching concentration of Cd in the waste is reduced from 0.6 mg/L to 0.17 mg/L, the buffering distance is be reduced from 3000 m to 500 m.

show abstract

Regulatory-driven risk assessment to improve drinking-water quality: A case study of private water supplies in England and Wales

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Progress of Using Risk Assessment to Manage Small Drinking-Water Supplies in Rwanda: A Preliminary Study

Progress of Using Risk Assessment to Manage Small Drinking-Water Supplies in Rwanda: A Preliminary Study

Implementing risk-based approaches to improve drinking water quality in small water supplies in the Nordic region – barriers and solutions

Separation Zone Required to Buffer Hazardous Waste Landfills Impact on Scattered Water Supply Sources: From a Whole Lifespan Perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About