Regulatory Framework for Road and Railway Construction on the Sensitive Clays of Norway

Oset, Frode; Thakur, Vikas; Dolva, Bjørn Kristoffer; Aunaas, Kristian; Sæter, May-Britt; Robsrud, A.; Viklund, Margareta; Nyheim, Trude; Lyche, Einar; Jensen, Odd Are

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7079-9_27

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Rail freight transport or road-rail intermodal freight transport is a strategy for reducing emissions compared to road or air transport and may be a more important strategy for goods transport in the future [232]. Storms, increased temperatures (average and sudden extremes), and precipitation/runoff contribute to landslides and avalanches, and this is a challenge for the railway network as some parts are located on sensitive clays susceptible to destabilisation [67,233]. Storms and heavy rainfall events have already led to serious damage in the Norwegian rail network [234].…”

Section: Slaughter and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into real-world complexities is required to enable effective response from the aquaculture sector to climate change

et al. 2022

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This study demonstrates how a comprehensive knowledge base can be used by the aquaculture industry, researchers, and policymakers as a foundation for more targeted and detailed climate change impact analysis, risk assessments and adaptation planning. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) production in Norway was used as a case study and to illustrate the need to consider impacts from multiple stressors across different production stages and the wider supply chain. Based on literature searches and industry news, a total of 45 impacts and 101 adaptation responses were identified. Almost all impacts were linked to multiple climate stressors, and many adaptation responses can be used for a range of impacts. Based on the research, a move towards more targeted and detailed assessments is recommended. This can be facilitated through a strong knowledge base, further research to address complexities, and better communication between all stakeholders. The results also demonstrate the need for more climate change research that reflects the challenges that the aquaculture sector faces, where multiple stressors and the range of impacts across production stages and the wider supply chain are included. Highlighting the wide range of stressors, impacts and adaptation responses provides a more holistic understanding of the real-world complexities that aquaculture producers face. This again could facilitate adoption of more effective responses to climate change needed to maintain or increase production sustainably.

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Section: Slaughter and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into real-world complexities is required to enable effective response from the aquaculture sector to climate change

et al. 2022

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“…To compensate this, an indirect approach is common in Scandinavia (i.e. the strength values are reduced by a factor in the calculation or the minimum allowable safety margin is increased (Oset et al 2014)). Fornes and Jostad (this volume) suggest that when a sensitive clay slope is subjected to an undrained load (e.g.…”

Section: Part Ii: Pre-failure and Failure Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide in Sensitive Clays – From Research to Implementation

Thakur

L’Heureux

Locat

2017

Landslides in Sensitive Clays

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“…All Norwegian sensitive clays show some degree of strain softening behaviour, which means that the capacity is lower than for a perfectly plastic material. The current practice and regulations for sensitive clays in Norway are described by Oset et al (2014). Based on recommendations in NPRA (2014) and NVE (2014), it is typically only the soils classified as brittle or with high sensitivity that are corrected due to this strain softening behavior.…”

Section: Adjustment Based On Current Design Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Correction Factors for Undrained LE Analyses of Sensitive Clays

Fornes

Jostad

2017

Landslides in Sensitive Clays

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Correction factors to be used in conventional undrained stability calculations in order to account for post peak strain softening behaviour of sensitive clays, has been recommended based on an extensive sensitivity study with advanced finite element simulations. It is found that a correction of the material factor is preferred compared to a reduction of the shear strength. The input parameters to the sensitivity study that had the highest correlation with the required correction factor were the shear strength increase with depth and the brittleness, which is the rate of shear strength reduction with strain. In a large block sample database of sensitive Norwegian clays, there was no clear correlation between the brittleness and the sensitivity. Hence, classification of the clays based on the sensitivity is not recommended for evaluating the effect of strain softening on the capacity.

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Regulatory Framework for Road and Railway Construction on the Sensitive Clays of Norway

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Insight into real-world complexities is required to enable effective response from the aquaculture sector to climate change

Insight into real-world complexities is required to enable effective response from the aquaculture sector to climate change

Landslide in Sensitive Clays – From Research to Implementation

Correction Factors for Undrained LE Analyses of Sensitive Clays

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