Regulatory safety pharmacology and toxicity assessments of a standardized stem extract of Cassia occidentalis Linn. in rodents

Mugale, Madhav Nilakanth; Shukla, Shubha; Chourasia, Manish K.; Hanif, Kashif; Nazir, Aamir; Singh, Sarika; Gayen, Jiaur R.; Jagavelu, Kumaravelu; Tripathi, Raj Kamal; Mohrana, Baisakhi; Barthwal, Manoj Kumar; Kumar, Akhilesh; Sharma, Deepak; Mohan, Divya; Srivastava, Anuradha; Samuel, Sheeba Saji; Kaleti, Navodayam; Bharti, Sachi; Srivastava, A.K.; Sharma, Dimple; Meena, A. K.; Chandra, Ramesh; Yadav, Sudhaker; Bhushan, Bharati; Pandey, Sadan K.; Agnihotri, Promod Kumar; Bora, Himangsu K.; Kanojiya, Sanjeev; Sharma, Sharad; Mishra, Prabhat Ranjan; Arya, K. R.; Chattopadhyay, Naibedya; Rath, Srikanta Kumar; Bhadauria, Smrati

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104960

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Several studies evaluated the CNS safety pharmacology of herbal extracts, including Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br leaves extract, 11 Cassia occidentalis Linn. Stem extract, 12 and Plinia cauliflora fruit extract 13 , using the highest therapeutic doses of the extract for the testing. Here, we also evaluated the CNS safety pharmacology of CP extract using the highest therapeutic dose in automated home cage behavioral analysis LABORAS and rotarod test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 Hence, the assessment of CNS safety pharmacology of herbal extracts has attracted recent attention, in which it has been evaluated in Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br leaves extract, 11 Cassia occidentalis Linn. stem extract, 12 and Plinia cauliflora fruit extract 13 Further, the abundance of pharmacologically active compounds in herbal extracts is linked topotential adverse effects. 14 Therefore, it is crucial to determine the safety pharmacology of herb extracts, including their CNS safety pharmacology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antinociceptive efficacy of Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore, a Thai medicinal plant, and its CNS safety profiles

Hasriadi

Jongchanapong

Thongphichai

et al. 2023

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antinociceptive efficacy of Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore, a Thai medicinal plant, and its CNS safety profiles

Hasriadi

Jongchanapong

Thongphichai

et al. 2023

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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“…2.9.12.1 Ames assay USKECSE was tested for its mutagenic potential in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. The study was conducted using TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium and WP2uvrA (pKM101) tester strains of Escherichia coli following our previously published protocol (25). The bacterial tester strains were exposed to USKECSE in triplicates at 50, 158, 500, 1581, and 5000 mg/ plate.…”

Section: Genotoxicity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel extraction method enhanced the osteogenic and anti-osteoporosis effect of tea extract without any hepatotoxicity in ovariectomized rats

et al. 2022

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Tea (Camellia sinensis) has several reported health benefits, including that on bone health attributed to catechins of which the most abundant is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). However, several preclinical and clinical studies raise safety concerns about EGCG in tea extract causing acute liver failure. Tea also contains kaempferol, albeit scanty, and it has hepatoprotective and osteogenic effects. Here, we utilized a novel extraction procedure of acid hydrolysis to enhance the osteogenic effect of tea extract while reducing its hepatotoxicity. The resultant extract (USKECSE) has a ~40-fold increase in kaempferol and a 2.5-fold reduction in EGCG content compared with the hydroethanolic extract (USCSE). In a female Sprague Dawley (SD) rat femur osteotomy model, USKECSE (100 mg/kg) but not USCSE promoted bone regeneration. In a rat postmenopausal osteoporosis model induced by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), USKECSE through an osteogenic mechanism maintained bone mass, strength, and microarchitecture to the levels of ovary-intact rats with no hepatotoxic effect. After a single oral dose (100 mg/kg) of USKECSE to adult rats, kaempferol was detectable for 48 hours, suggesting its significant absorption and distribution in plasma. Peak kaempferol concentration in plasma (Cmax) was 483 ng/ml (2 μM), and at this concentration, kaempferol induces osteoblast differentiation. USKECSE had no genotoxicity, and its safety index assessed by preclinical toxicity studies, including safety pharmacology, was >20-fold. Taken together, we report a novel extraction process that enhanced the osteogenicity and concomitantly reduced hepatotoxicity of tea extract with significant kaempferol bioavailability and a favorable systemic safety profile. Based on these data, we propose assessing the USKECSE effect for postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment.

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Female naturalists and the patterns of suppression of women scientists in history: the example of Maria Sibylla Merian and her contributions about useful plants

Mariath

Baratto

2023

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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Background This work reunites many women naturalists who registered knowledge about native flora in scientific expeditions around the globe between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. Since male naturalists are more recognized in this period of time, we aimed to list female naturalists that published plant descriptions and observations, focusing on the work of Maria Sibylla Merian and to analyze her trajectory as an example to discuss the patterns of the suppression of women scientists. A second aim was to inventory the useful plants described in Maria Sibylla’s Metamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium and find pharmacological evidence about the traditional uses described for those plants cited as medicinal and toxic. Methods A survey of female naturalists was carried out by searching information in Pubmed, Scielo, Google Scholar and Virtual Health Library. Once Maria Sibylla published her book Metamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium by her own, without male co-authors, and also this book is one of the only to have text and illustrations altogether and there are reports indicating information on useful plants in this work, she and her book were chosen as subject of this research. All the information was tabulated by dividing the plants into food, medicinal, toxic, aromatic or other uses. Finally, with the combinations of the scientific name of medicinal and toxic plants with information about their popular uses, a search was carried out in databases in order to indicate current pharmacological studies that reported evidences about the traditional uses described. Results We found 28 women naturalists who participated in scientific expeditions or trips, or in a curiosity cabinet, or who were collectors of Natural History between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries. All these women illustrated botanical species and/or recorded their everyday or medicinal use or reported their observations in the form of a published work, letters or diaries. Also, the trajectory of Maria Sibylla Merian revealed that her scientific relevance has been neglected from the eighteenth century by mechanisms of suppression, most of the time by male depreciation, which can be seen as a pattern for suppression of women in science. However, Maria Sibyllas’ contributions have been valued again in the twenty-first century. In Maria Sibylla’s work, 54 plants were identified, 26 of them used for food, 4 of them aromatic, 8 medicinal, 4 toxic and 9 other uses. Conclusion This study evidences that there are female naturalists whose work could be an important source for ethnopharmacological studies. Researching about women scientists, talking about them and highlighting the gender bias present in the scientific academy about the way the history of science is told is essential for the construction of a more diverse and richer scientific academy. The traditional use of 7 of 8 medicinal plants and 3 of 4 toxic plants reported was correlated with pharmacological studies, highlighting the importance of this historical record and its potential to direct strategic research in traditional medicine.

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Regulatory safety pharmacology and toxicity assessments of a standardized stem extract of Cassia occidentalis Linn. in rodents

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Antinociceptive efficacy of Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore, a Thai medicinal plant, and its CNS safety profiles

Antinociceptive efficacy of Clerodendrum petasites S. Moore, a Thai medicinal plant, and its CNS safety profiles

A novel extraction method enhanced the osteogenic and anti-osteoporosis effect of tea extract without any hepatotoxicity in ovariectomized rats

Female naturalists and the patterns of suppression of women scientists in history: the example of Maria Sibylla Merian and her contributions about useful plants

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