Reimagining Homelessness

O’Sullivan, Eoin

doi:10.2307/j.ctv10rrcfk

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…‘Italians first’. This statement reflects a welfare chauvinist position, which has gained traction in Italy throughout the 2010s (Pellegata and Visconti, 2020).…”

Section: Homelessness Among Asylum-seeking Migrants In Italy and Swedenmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As Keskinen (2016: 366) points out in her analysis of the Finnish context, welfare chauvinist discourse portrays especially migrants from Middle Eastern and African countries as ‘undesired others’. Welfare chauvinism is currently rising across European countries – from Italy (Pellegata and Visconti, 2020) to Scandinavia (Jørgensen and Thomsen, 2016; Keskinen et al, 2016) – as governments seek to divert attention from the impact of neoliberal restructuring of welfare states and long-term effects of financial crises, respectively, by creating systems of hierarchical stratification, ostensibly designed to ‘safeguard’ the welfare of the (white) majority population at the expense of the rights and welfare of ‘others’. Welfare chauvinism encompasses and produces racialized and classed exclusions.…”

Section: Welfare Nationalism and Chauvinismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The status of homelessness: Access to housing for asylum-seeking migrants as an instrument of migration control in Italy and Sweden

Giansanti

Lindberg

Joormann

2022

Critical Social Policy

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Homelessness and other forms of destitution among asylum-seeking migrants are currently on the rise across Europe, as migrants’ access to social rights, including housing, has been restricted through repressive migration policies, fuelled by the welfare nationalism and chauvinism that surge among European states. This article explores the largely overlooked homelessness experienced by migrants seeking asylum in two different geographic and political contexts: Italy and Sweden. Building on research conducted over six years, including interviews with state officials, social and NGO workers, and testimonies of asylum-seeking migrants, we trace the logics and effects of policies that not only fail to deliver minimum welfare provisions to asylum-seeking migrants, but which produce and use homelessness as a way of controlling this group. The implications for asylum-seeking migrants include racialised discrimination, class-based and poverty-related health issues, and other harms, which are the direct result of policies that render access to fundamental social rights, including housing, into instruments of migration control.

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“…‘Italians first’. This statement reflects a welfare chauvinist position, which has gained traction in Italy throughout the 2010s (Pellegata and Visconti, 2020).…”

Section: Homelessness Among Asylum-seeking Migrants In Italy and Swedenmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Welfare Nationalism and Chauvinismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The status of homelessness: Access to housing for asylum-seeking migrants as an instrument of migration control in Italy and Sweden

Giansanti

Lindberg

Joormann

2022

Critical Social Policy

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“…Historically, homelessness was seen as a white male problem due to poor individual choices and failures (O’Sullivan, 2020). We now know that such a view is notably shortsighted, and many people are vulnerable to becoming homeless.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We now know that such a view is notably shortsighted, and many people are vulnerable to becoming homeless. Experiencing homelessness does not solely stem from poor choices and/or failures; instead, it could result from social and economic restructuring, including instability in housing and labor markets, and precarious health, education, and social services (O’Sullivan, 2020; Schneider, 2020; Simpson, 2015). Experiencing homelessness is not a crime although business owners, citizens, visitors of a city, and others often look to law enforcement to manage this population (Hipple, 2016).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminalizing Homelessness: Circumstances Surrounding Criminal Trespassing and People Experiencing Homelessness

Diamond

Burns

Bowen

2021

Criminal Justice Policy Review

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Criminal trespassing (CT) is an understudied misdemeanor offense often enforced to maintain control over contested spaces and, in practice, often disproportionately used against disenfranchised populations such as the homeless and mentally ill. This study uses the CT case files of a county criminal district attorney’s office to investigate how cases involving defendants experiencing homelessness are handled compared with other defendants. Results show that homeless defendants make up a substantial portion of all CT cases, are more likely to be repeat CT defendants, and account for most jail sentences. Whereas defendants with mental health issues were often deferred for services, this avenue was not similarly extended to homeless defendants. Qualitative analyses show varied circumstances related to CT arrest for homeless and non-homeless defendants. The findings suggest various policy implications to refocus police resources and promote interagency cooperation to address the underlying causes of CT involvement by people experiencing homelessness.

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“…This complex of buildings at various times contained a reformatory school, an industrial school and a Magdalen home (Prunty, 2017). Now part of it operates as a ‘family hub’, providing temporary congregate accommodation for the growing number of homeless families entering emergency accommodation in Dublin, which jumped from around 5 per month in early 2013 to almost 100 per month by 2019 (O’Sullivan, 2020). At the other end of the spectrum, St Columba’s asylum in Sligo has become a luxury hotel, and private apartments are to be provided on the site of the Magdalen home operated by the Good Shepherd Sisters in Cork and at St Senan’s psychiatric hospital in Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford.…”

Section: Taking a Longitudinal Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

‘Coercive confinement’: An idea whose time has come?

O’Donnell

O’Sullivan

2020

Incarceration

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This article argues in favour of ‘coercive confinement’ as a useful addition to the criminological lexicon. It suggests that to properly understand a country’s level of punitiveness requires consideration of a range of institutions that fall outside the remit of the formal criminal justice system. It also requires a generous longitudinal focus. Using Ireland as a case study, such an approach reveals that since the foundation of the state, the prison has gradually become ascendant. This might be read to imply a punitive turn. But when a broader view is taken to include involuntary detention in psychiatric hospitals, confinement in Magdalen homes and mother and baby homes, and detention in industrial and reformatory schools, the trajectory is strongly downward. This might be read to imply a national programme of decarceration. (In recent years, asylum seekers have been held in congregate settings that are experienced as prison-like and they must be factored into the analysis.) While some of these institutions may have been used with peculiar enthusiasm in Ireland, none are Irish inventions. It would be profitable to extend the idea of ‘coercive confinement’ to other nations with a view to adding some necessary nuance to our understanding of the reach and grip of the carceral state.

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Reimagining Homelessness

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

The status of homelessness: Access to housing for asylum-seeking migrants as an instrument of migration control in Italy and Sweden

The status of homelessness: Access to housing for asylum-seeking migrants as an instrument of migration control in Italy and Sweden

Criminalizing Homelessness: Circumstances Surrounding Criminal Trespassing and People Experiencing Homelessness

‘Coercive confinement’: An idea whose time has come?

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