Reinforcement or compensation? The effects of parents' work and financial conditions on adolescents' work values during the Great Recession

Johnson, Monica; Mortimer, Jeylan T.

doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2014.12.005

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The job features they rated were as follows: (1) 'good pay' , (2) 'a steady job with little chance of being laid off ' , (3) 'good chances of getting ahead' , (4) 'a chance to be helpful to others or useful to society' , (5) 'a chance to work with people rather than things' , (6) 'a chance to make my own decisions' , (7) 'a job where I have a lot of responsibility' , (8) 'a job that uses my skills and abilities' , (9) 'a job that people regard highly' , and (10) 'a chance to learn a lot of new things' . We averaged the ratings of Items 1-3 and 9 to create a scale of extrinsic orientations and the ratings of Items 4-8 and 10 to create a scale of intrinsic orientations, based on previous studies using the same data 17,20 . This two-dimensional conceptualization of work values was also supported in our study subjects.…”

Section: Study Variables Work Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pay, security, prestige, opportunities for advancement, etc.) 15 – 20 . Work values have been associated with the mental health and well-being of workers 15 , 21 – 24 , as well as employment 25 , work satisfaction 15 , 26 , 27 , occupational choice 28 , person-job fit 25 , and occupational attainment 18 , 19 , 29 , 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal association between adolescent work values and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a 23-year prospective cohort study

Fukasawa

Watanabe

Nishi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Personal values developed in adolescence may influence mental health and well-being over the life course. Using data from 684 respondents in the Youth Development Study (61.9% of respondents in the baseline survey), we explored the effects of work values at ages 14-15 on positive and negative emotions, as well as psychological resources (self-esteem and mastery), at ages 37-38. We adjusted for socioeconomic status and the baseline scores of these outcomes using linear regression analyses. Having the work value of getting ahead in adolescence was positively associated with self-esteem in adulthood. Work values in adolescence did not predict positive emotions, negative emotions, or mastery in adulthood. Valuing one's growth in adolescence may help develop self-esteem in adulthood. Personal values are defined as broad, trans-situational, desirable goals that serve as guiding principles in people's lives 1. A well-known theory of personal values proposed by Schwartz 2 classified personal values into 10 types. These types of personal values have been associated with mental health and psychological well-being. For example, the values of universalism, benevolence, achievement, hedonism, self-direction, and stimulation have been positively correlated with psychological well-being 3-5. Personal values have also been associated with psychological resources underlying mental health and well-being, such as self-esteem and mastery 4,6,7. Personal values are considered to be developed through the psychological processes in which adolescents acquire the ability to control the conflict between learned values and actual behaviour 8 and are highly stable across time 9. Thus, personal values acquired in adolescence may have an influence on health and well-being over the life course. Unfortunately, there is limited evidence supporting this hypothesis. For example, cross-sectional studies based on respondents' retrospective recall reported that personal values in adolescence were associated with lifetime suicidal ideation, as well as suicidal ideation and psychological distress in adulthood, in a community population 10,11. A cross-sectional study conducted among working populations reported that personal values in adolescence were associated with mental health and well-being in adulthood 12. However, to date, we are unaware of any longitudinal study that has been conducted to explore the association between personal values in adolescence and health and well-being in adulthood. Work values are the goals or rewards people seek through their work 13 , and are seen as expressions of more general personal values in the context of a work setting 14,15. Work values are often studied in two dimensions: intrinsic (e.g. interesting work, meaningfulness, learning opportunities, etc.) and extrinsic rewards (e.g. pay, security, prestige, opportunities for advancement, etc.) 15-20. Work values have been associated with the mental health and well-being of workers 15,21-24 , as well as employment 25 , work satisfaction 15,26,27 , occupational choic...

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Section: Study Variables Work Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal association between adolescent work values and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a 23-year prospective cohort study

Fukasawa

Watanabe

Nishi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Distinct socialization practices followed from these value orientations. Various studies since Kohn's foundational research have linked parents' class position and occupational characteristics, as well as parents' work values, to their children's work values (e.g., Galambos & Sears, 1998;M. K. Johnson & Mortimer, 2015;Porfeli & Vondracek, 2007;Ryu & Mortimer, 1996).…”

Section: Early Socializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work Value Transmission From Parents to Children: Early Socialization and Delayed Activation

Johnson

Mortimer

Heckhausen

2019

Work and Occupations

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This study examines the transmission of work values from parents to children between mid-adolescence and early midlife. The authors propose that work-related values are transmitted from parents to children in two sequential and complementary processes stretched across adolescence and early adulthood. The first process of work value exposure and reception in the family context is captured by the socialization model. The second process is one of delayed value activation, long after initial socialization, when the young adult offspring engages with the demands and vicissitudes of their own emerging careers. The authors find evidence for family socialization in adolescence and also support for the delayed activation model during adulthood. Although parental values were measured more than two decades earlier, the authors find the strongest associations of parent and child values when the offspring were in their late 30s. In addition, parent–child value similarity is heightened when adult children navigate career uncertainty and change, consistent with a delayed activation process.

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“…As emerging adults become more autonomous, parental financial support and advice may be unwelcome or may undermine well-being (Johnson & Mortimer 2015). For example, a study conducted in the Netherlands (Bucx, Van Wel, & Knun, 2012) found that although advice was the most common type of support exchanged between emerging adults (aged 18–34) and their parents, nearly one third of the emerging adults had also received financial support over the previous year.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Expectancy-Value Theory to Understand Emerging Adult’s Financial Behavior and Financial Well-Being

et al. 2018

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Using expectancy-value theory as a framework, we examined the independent effects of both early parental and personal financial expectations and values on emerging adults’ later financial behaviors and financial well-being during the college-to-career transition. Data were collected at three time points over 8 years from a cohort of college-educated emerging adults ( N = 754 participants from a larger longitudinal study). The main finding showed that emerging adults’ personal expectations and values, but not parental values or expectations, predicted the financial behaviors they practiced in college; early parental expectations predicted financial well-being after leaving college. The financial behaviors practiced in college were associated with subsequent financial well-being. Finally, college financial behavior mediated the effect of early personal values on subsequent financial well-being, but not personal financial expectations. We discuss the findings in regard to facilitating emerging adults college-to-career transition.

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Reinforcement or compensation? The effects of parents' work and financial conditions on adolescents' work values during the Great Recession

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Longitudinal association between adolescent work values and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a 23-year prospective cohort study

Longitudinal association between adolescent work values and mental health and well-being in adulthood: a 23-year prospective cohort study

Work Value Transmission From Parents to Children: Early Socialization and Delayed Activation

Using the Expectancy-Value Theory to Understand Emerging Adult’s Financial Behavior and Financial Well-Being

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