Reinforcing biofiller “Lignin” for high performance green natural rubber nanocomposites

Ikeda, Yuko; Phakkeeree, Treethip; Junkong, Preeyanuch; Yokohama, Hiroyuki; Phinyocheep, Pranee; Kitano, Ritsuko; Kato, Atsushi

doi:10.1039/c6ra26359c

Cited by 79 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, in their study, the matrix was a rubber base. 23 In our study, the selection of the lignin and its concentration can positively increase the tensile strength without any modifications. However, higher concentrations of both lignins in two different UPE resins have a negative impact on the tensile strength of UPE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…14 Research interest has been focused on utilizing lignin as bio-polymer or bio-filler [15][16][17] in the formulation and preparation of biomaterials. Restrictively, lignin has been used as filler material in thermoplastic polymers, 18,19 thermosetting polymers 20,21 and rubbers 22,23 with limited positive or even negative influences on the material's mechanical properties. In general, the properties of lignin-based composites are far from satisfactory by adding lignin as particulate filler to a polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignin Bio-Based Material in Unsaturated Polyester

Ngo¹,

Patenaude²,

Ahvazi³

2019

Cellulose Chem. Technol.

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The potential utilization of lignin, as a natural-based material, in unsaturated polyester (UPE) has been investigated. Kraft (Indulin AT) and sulfite lignin (ArboSO1) samples from forestry biomass and their consistencies in UPE were evaluated by qualitative and quantitative methods. The tensile and impact properties of the cured UPE with and without lignins, as well as fracture surfaces, were also studied. The result indicated that the ash content is quite high for lignosulfonate ArboSO1. NMR spectra show significant differences almost in the entire spectral region for the two lignins. The aliphatic hydroxyl groups were found more uniform in Indulin AT than in ArboSO1. Indulin AT seems to have more pronounced condensed units than ArboSO1. The guaiacyl units in Indulin AT were found to be more uniform and of higher magnitude than in ArboSO1, similarly to free phenolic units. However, the terminal carboxylic content in ArboSO1 was found to be higher than in Indulin AT. The investigation by SEM showed that the particles of the two lignins are porous and have different sizes, mostly less than 100 µm. The addition of different concentrations of lignins increased the viscosity of UPE; however, the viscosity was still suitable for processing at the lignin loading levels. The results also indicated that the lignin types and loadings did influence the tensile properties, but not the impact property of the UPE. The modulus of UPE decreased almost linearly with the loading of ArboSO1 for both UPEs. On the other hand, the modulus of UPE leveled up for Indulin AT only at 10 and 20 wt% loading. The positive effect of adding 10 wt% of both lignin samples on the tensile strength of UPE was demonstrated. The presence of lignin affected the fracture surface of the UPE systems, regardless of the lignin type and consistency. This novel approach could reduce costs and environmental impact of manufacturing UPE products, while improving their quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Bio-Based Material in Unsaturated Polyester

Ngo¹,

Patenaude²,

Ahvazi³

2019

Cellulose Chem. Technol.

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“…Pecan nutshells are sources of lignin and cellulose . Whereas cellulose and derivatives may be used as coating matrices, lignin has good properties as a reinforcement and UV absorber, although it may darken coatings …”

Section: Nutshells As Sources Of Coating Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pecan nutshells are sources of lignin and cellulose. 43 Whereas cellulose and derivatives may be used as coating matrices, lignin has good properties as a reinforcement 44 and UV absorber, 45 although it may darken coatings. 45 Antioxidant phenolic compounds may also be extracted from nutshells, since high phenolic contents have been reported to be found in pecan nutshells, 46 hazelnut shells, 47 pistachio hulls, 48 and cashew nut shell liquid.…”

Section: Nutshells As Sources Of Coating Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In a nutshell: prospects and challenges on coatings for edible kernels

et al. 2020

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Edible kernels have been popular food items since ancient times. Although in‐shell nuts are naturally protected and relatively shelf stable, convenience demands require their commercialization in shelled form. However, whereas shelled kernels are more convenient, they are more exposed to oxygen, and thus more susceptible to oxidative rancidity and loss of crunchiness, which negatively affect the product acceptability. In this review, we discuss the role of edible coatings in extending stability of edible kernels, which is an opportunity to be better explored by the industry. The discussion also includes the role of antioxidants in the context of active coatings. Finally, future prospects and research challenges are addressed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…4,5 Lignin fractions extracted from various lignocellulosic biomasses (e.g., rice husk, sugarcane bagasse) can be used as free radical scavengers due to their high antioxidant properties. 6 The major chemical functional groups in lignin can vary depending on its genetic origin and how it is isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetic acid lignins from Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles sinensis): effect of pretreatment on their structural features and antioxidant activities

et al. 2018

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In this study, three pretreatment processes were evaluated for their effects on the structural features and antioxidant activities of lignins extracted by the acetosolv process from the fruit of Chinese quince. The three pretreatments included dephenolization, sugar removal, and multiple processes (a combination of both dephenolization and sugar removal). The results showed that after sugar removal pretreatment, the carbohydrate content, the molecular weight and S/G value of the lignin fractions decreased. However, after dephenolization pretreatment, the carbohydrate content and the molecular weight of the lignin fractions increased. After sugar removal and dephenolization, there were increases in the temperatures corresponding to the maximal rate of decomposition (DTG max ) in all lignin fractions. The radical scavenging index of lignin after sugar removal pretreatment was higher compared to other pretreatments and no treatment. The results of these tests showed that sugar removal, as a pretreatment, enhanced lignin extraction, yielding pure and highly functional lignins. Additionally, dephenolization or multiple process were beneficial to the acquisition of macromolecular lignins. All the results provided references for the biorefinery of biomass rich in polyphenol and sugar compounds.

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Reinforcing biofiller “Lignin” for high performance green natural rubber nanocomposites

Abstract: High performance eco-friendly natural rubber biocomposites with various contents up to 40 parts per one hundred rubber by weight of lignin were successfully prepared from sodium lignosulfonate and natural rubber latex using the soft process.

Cited by 79 publications

References 24 publications

Lignin Bio-Based Material in Unsaturated Polyester

Lignin Bio-Based Material in Unsaturated Polyester

In a nutshell: prospects and challenges on coatings for edible kernels

Acetic acid lignins from Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles sinensis): effect of pretreatment on their structural features and antioxidant activities

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