Background: Reinke’s oedema (benign diffuse swelling of the vocal folds) induced various morphological changes occurs in the superficial lamina propria also known as the Reinke’s space. Smoking, laryngopharyngeal reflux and vocal fold abuse can promote the development of this condition as well as lead to vocal fold dysfunction and injury. Patients with Reinke’s oedema complain of vocal problems. 3,47/1000 is estimation of the general population prevalence of Reinke’s oedema. Investigation of the distribution and appearance of Ki-67, IL-1α, IL-10 and PGP 9.5 in Reinke’s oedema-affected larynx tissue compared with control tissue was the aim of the work.Methods: Routine histological and immunohistochemical analysis were applied for specimens with Reinke’s oedema and the control group. Biotin-streptavidin biochemical method was used for detection of Ki-67, PGP 9,5, IL-10 and IL-1α. Immunoreactive cells appearance local distribution were evaluated using semiquantitative grading method. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using nonparametric statistical methods (Mann Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank coefficient).Results: A high positive correlation was found between IL-1α and PGP 9.5 epithelial immunoreactive cells and between epithelial and subepithelial IL-10 cells in the control group. Mann-Whitney U tests revealed significant differences in immunoreactive markers between the patients and the control group. With exception of PGP 9.5 positive subepithelial nerves, all other examined markers revelated higher number of immunoreactive positive structures in the patient tissue.Conclusions: Intensive proliferation of the surface epithelium was observed in Reinke’s oedema affected larynx tissue. Increased expression of IL-1 α structures is linked to tissue remodulation, inflammation and remodulation. Notable increase in IL-10 positive structures is indicating to the dominant anti-inflammatory tissue response. PGP 9.5 expression increase is involved in the morphopathogenesis of Reinke’s oedema.Trial registration: This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Riga Stradins University, issued on 31-10-2019, No 6-2/2/25.