Reinventing species selection with molecular phylogenies

Rabosky, Daniel L.; McCune, Amy R.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.07.002

Cited by 106 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…One possibility is that speciation in New World Malpighiaceae is explained by the small geographic range of most solitary bee pollinators and territoriality in male oil bees (50)(51)(52)(53), combined with the wide geographic ranges of numerous Malpighiaceae clades (30), which together could facilitate allopatric speciation within the group. Diversification rates in plant clades with zygomorphic flowers like Malpighiaceace have been shown to be significantly increased (19,54); this has been cited as an example of species selection (20). This finding could be explained by increased oil-bee pollinator specificity in Malpighiaceace clades coupled with a higher probability of speciation in isolated plant populations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although developmental constraint has been invoked to explain these findings, this hypothesis has not been critically tested. An alternative hypothesis to explain uniform floral symmetry patterns is selection on pollinator efficiency (19), which may subsequently lead to increased diversification rates via species selection on pollinator specificity (20). Here, we analyze morphological diversification patterns in Malpighiaceae to test the hypothesis that floral morphological stasis is driven and maintained by their specialist oil-bee pollinators.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Davis

Schaefer

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Many major branches in the Tree of Life are marked by stereotyped body plans that have been maintained over long periods of time. One possible explanation for this stasis is that there are genetic or developmental constraints that restrict the origin of novel body plans. An alternative is that basic body plans are potentially quite labile, but are actively maintained by natural selection. We present evidence that the conserved floral morphology of a species-rich flowering plant clade, Malpighiaceae, has been actively maintained for tens of millions of years via stabilizing selection imposed by their specialist New World oil-bee pollinators. Nine clades that have lost their primary oil-bee pollinators show major evolutionary shifts in specific floral traits associated with oil-bee pollination, demonstrating that developmental constraint is not the primary cause of morphological stasis in Malpighiaceae. Interestingly, Malpighiaceae show a burst in species diversification coinciding with the origin of this plant-pollinator mutualism. One hypothesis to account for radiation despite morphological stasis is that although selection on pollinator efficiency explains the origin of this unique and conserved floral morphology, tight pollinator specificity subsequently permitted greatly enhanced diversification in this system. phylogeny | flower morphology | comparative methods | Centridini | diversification rate

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Davis

Schaefer

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The fossil record provides a spectacular temporal window into the vicissitudes of life's history, and paleontologists have long used its patterns to investigate large-scale trends in diversification dynamics and morphologic evolution over timescales inaccessible to experimental manipulation or field-based investigation (Simpson, 1944;Sepkoski, 1981;Hunt et al, 2008;Alroy, 2010). Similarly, biologists armed with molecular phylogenies of extant species and tree-based statistical techniques have increasingly become interested in addressing macroevolutionary questions traditionally studied by paleontologists (e.g., O'Meara et al, 2006;Bokma, 2008;Rabosky, 2009;Rabosky and McCune, 2009;Harmon et al, 2010;Pennell et al, 2014). Although differences between paleontologic and biologic perspectives remain, attempts to bridge disciplinary gaps between fields have wide-reaching implications for assembling a more synthetic macroevolutionary theory (Jablonski, 2008;Slater and Harmon, 2013;Hunt and Slater, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian estimation of fossil phylogenies and the evolution of early to middle Paleozoic crinoids (Echinodermata)

Wright¹

2017

J. Paleontol.

137

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Abstract.-Knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among species is fundamental to understanding basic patterns in evolution and underpins nearly all research programs in biology and paleontology. However, most methods of phylogenetic inference typically used by paleontologists do not accommodate the idiosyncrasies of fossil data and therefore do not take full advantage of the information provided by the fossil record. The advent of Bayesian 'tip-dating' approaches to phylogeny estimation is especially promising for paleosystematists because time-stamped comparative data can be combined with probabilistic models tailored to accommodate the study of fossil taxa. Under a Bayesian framework, the recently developed fossilized birth-death (FBD) process provides a more realistic tree prior model for paleontological data that accounts for macroevolutionary dynamics, preservation, and sampling when inferring phylogenetic trees containing fossils. In addition, the FBD tree prior allows for the possibility of sampling ancestral morphotaxa. Although paleontologists are increasingly embracing probabilistic phylogenetic methods, these recent developments have not previously been applied to the deep-time invertebrate fossil record. Here, I examine phylogenetic relationships among Ordovician through Devonian crinoids using a Bayesian tip-dating approach. Results support several clades recognized in previous analyses sampling only Ordovician taxa, but also reveal instances where phylogenetic affinities are more complex and extensive revisions are necessary, particularly among the Cladida. The name Porocrinoidea is proposed for a well-supported clade of Ordovician 'cyathocrine' cladids and hybocrinids. The Eucladida is proposed as a clade name for the sister group of the Flexibilia herein comprised of cladids variously considered 'cyathocrines,' 'dendrocrines,' and/or 'poteriocrines' by other authors.

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“…A central challenge at the interface between macroevolution and microevolution is to explain the population-level processes that contribute to biological variation in diversification rates and species richness (1). Phylogenetic evidence for biological variation in the rate of species diversification is widespread (2,3), and numerous studies have now linked specific traits to the dynamics of speciation and extinction as realized over macroevolutionary timescales (2,4). At the population level, a microevolutionary research program on the biology of speciation has focused on the factors that lead to various forms of reproductive isolation (RI) between populations (5, 6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Macroevolutionary speciation rates are decoupled from the evolution of intrinsic reproductive isolation in Drosophila and birds

Rabosky

Matute

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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125

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The rate at which speciation occurs varies greatly among different kinds of organisms and is frequently assumed to result from species-or clade-specific factors that influence the rate at which populations acquire reproductive isolation. This premise leads to a fundamental prediction that has never been tested: Organisms that quickly evolve prezygotic or postzygotic reproductive isolation should have faster rates of speciation than organisms that slowly acquire reproductive isolation. We combined phylogenetic estimates of speciation rates from Drosophila and birds with a method for analyzing interspecific hybridization data to test whether the rate at which individual lineages evolve reproductive isolation predicts their macroevolutionary rate of species formation. We find that some lineages evolve reproductive isolation much more quickly than others, but this variation is decoupled from rates of speciation as measured on phylogenetic trees. For the clades examined here, reproductive isolation-especially intrinsic, postzygotic isolation-does not seem to be the rate-limiting control on macroevolutionary diversification dynamics. These results suggest that factors associated with intrinsic reproductive isolation may have less to do with the tremendous variation in species diversity across the evolutionary tree of life than is generally assumed. A central challenge at the interface between macroevolution and microevolution is to explain the population-level processes that contribute to biological variation in diversification rates and species richness (1). Phylogenetic evidence for biological variation in the rate of species diversification is widespread (2, 3), and numerous studies have now linked specific traits to the dynamics of speciation and extinction as realized over macroevolutionary timescales (2,4). At the population level, a microevolutionary research program on the biology of speciation has focused on the factors that lead to various forms of reproductive isolation (RI) between populations (5, 6). Explaining how and why RI evolves is generally considered to be the central and defining challenge in the study of speciation (2, 7-9), and recent studies have made great progress toward explaining the genetic and ecological basis for various forms of RI (7,8,10).Most microevolutionary research on speciation implicitly assumes that RI is the defining and rate-limiting step in the speciation process (7,8,11), but the evolution of RI need not bear any predictive relationship to rates of species diversification as realized over macroevolutionary timescales (12). This has long been recognized by the paleontological community, where "successful" speciation is believed to entail not only the evolution of reproductive isolation but also the persistence of incipient species (13-15). For example, speciation might be limited primarily by the rate at which lineages form allopatric isolates (6,16) or by the capacity for geographic range expansion (17, 18). Likewise, speciation might be limited more by factors that influe...

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Reinventing species selection with molecular phylogenies

Cited by 106 publications

References 69 publications

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism

Bayesian estimation of fossil phylogenies and the evolution of early to middle Paleozoic crinoids (Echinodermata)

Macroevolutionary speciation rates are decoupled from the evolution of intrinsic reproductive isolation in Drosophila and birds

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