This study investigates the competitive factors of software firms that participated in the Korea Software Firm Competitiveness Awards, a nationwide project supported by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy that studies the performance of software firms in Korea. The study applies concepts from hierarchical multiple regression analysis to develop a model to assess the relationship between the competitive factors of software firms and firm performance. The developed model was validated through a field survey of 79 software firms in Korea. The survey results show a significant relationship between competitive factors and firm performance, as well as the relative influence of significant variables. The findings provide two important implications: first, from a management perspective, software firms in Korea focus on human resources based on technology development in the domestic market, and second, from a policy perspective, the government supports the establishment of external capabilities (internationalization and partnerships) for software firms. These findings are available to researchers, policy makers, software developers, and other market players, and contribute to the literature on the importance of competitive factors.