Relating orogen width to shortening, erosion, and exhumation during Alpine collision

Rosenberg, Claudio; Berger, Alfons; Bellahsen, Nicolas; Bousquet, Romain

doi:10.1002/2014tc003736

Cited by 52 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The vertical termination of the slab around 200-250 km depth in the other models 30 (Piromallo and Morelli, 2003;Lippitsch et al, 2003;Koulakov et al, 2009;Mitterbauer et al, 2011;Hua et al, 2017), points to a slab length of approximately 100-150 km, closely matching interpreted amounts of convergence since 35 Ma (Schmid et al, 2004). The portion of inferred European shortening (63 km: Schmid et al (1996), 30-95 km Rosenberg et al (2015)), suggests that break-off must have happened at a depth greater than 100 km to explain the slab depth of ≥200 km. Recent results propose, however, that the shortening in the European plate may be in the range of 150 km (Rosenberg et al, 2019).…”

Section: Central Alpssupporting

confidence: 56%

Slab Break-offs in the Alpine Subduction Zone

Kästle¹,

Rosenberg

Boschi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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After the onset of plate collision in the Alps, at 32-34 Ma, the deep structure of the orogen is inferred to have changed dramatically: European plate break-offs in various places of the Alpine arc, as well as a possible reversal of subduction polarity in the eastern Alps have been proposed. We review body-wave tomographic studies, compare them to our surface-wave-derived model for the uppermost 200 km, and reinterpret them in terms of slab geometries. We infer that the shallow subducting portion of the European plate is likely detached under both the western and eastern (but not the central) Alps. The Alps-Dinarides 5 transition may be explained by a combination of European and Adriatic subduction. This would imply that the deep, highvelocity anomaly (>200 km depth) mapped by tomographers under the eastern Alps is a detached segment of the European plate. The shallower fast anomaly (100-200 km depth) can be ascribed to European or Adriatic subduction, or both. These findings are compared to previously proposed models for the eastern Alps in terms of slab geometry, but also integrated in a new, alternative geodynamic scenario that best fits both tomographic images and geological constraints.

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Section: Central Alpssupporting

confidence: 56%

Slab Break-offs in the Alpine Subduction Zone

Kästle¹,

Rosenberg

Boschi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…and the Tauern window, without such paleosurfaces. This part of the Eastern Alps has experienced significantly less postcollisional shortening and exhumation and no upright folding in contrast to the Tauern Window with high-amplitude folding, major exhumation and erosion (e.g., Rosenberg et al 2015). Our AHe data in conjunction with published age constraints allow one to construct an improved pattern of spatial heterogeneity of exhumation of the Austroalpine unit, which is more complex than previously thought.…”

Section: Further Evidence For Late-stage Exhumationmentioning

confidence: 65%

Postcollisional cooling history of the Eastern and Southern Alps and its linkage to Adria indentation

Heberer

Reverman

Fellin

et al. 2016

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He ages from the Karawanken Mountains range between 12 and 5 Ma and indicate an episode of fault-related exhumation leading to the formation of a positive flower structure and an associated peripheral foreland basin. In the Southern Alps, apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and fission-track data combined with previous data also indicate a pulse of mainly Late Miocene exhumation, which was maximized along thrust systems, with highly differential amounts of displacement along individual structures. Our data contribute to mounting evidence for widespread Late Miocene tectonic activity, which followed a phase of major exhumation during strain localization in the Tauern Window. We attribute this exhumational phase and more distributed deformation during Adriatic indentation to a major change in boundary conditions operating on the orogen, likely due to a shift from a decoupled to a coupled system, possibly enhanced by a shift in convergence direction.

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“…If these rates are assumed to represent a maximum average over the past 15 Ma, they indicate 7.5 km of exhumation. Yet, in the western subdome, >20 km of exhumation was inferred based on geobarometric data [ Fügenschuh et al ., ] and cross‐section interpretations [ Schmid et al ., ; Rosenberg et al ., ]. Since the onset of exhumation along the Brenner and Katschberg Faults is well constrained as Early Miocene (see Schmid et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these rates are assumed to represent a maximum average over the past 15 Ma, they indicate 7.5 km of exhumation. Yet, in the western subdome, >20 km of exhumation was inferred based on geobarometric data [Fügenschuh et al, 1997] and cross-section interpretations [Schmid et al, 2013;Rosenberg et al, 2015]. Since the onset of exhumation along the Brenner and Katschberg Faults is well constrained as Early Miocene (see Schmid et al [2013] for discussion) and the total exhumation is on the order of 20 km [Fügenschuh et al, 1997;Schmid et al, 2013], pre-Miocene exhumation rates must have been higher than in the Miocene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhumation mechanisms of the Tauern Window (Eastern Alps) inferred from apatite and zircon fission track thermochronology

et al. 2017

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Orogen‐parallel extension and orogen‐perpendicular shortening accommodated by folding acted at the same time to exhume the Tauern Window. In order to investigate the relative contribution of upright folding and erosion and of extensional denudation for exhumation, we provide compilations in map view of previous and new zircon and apatite fission track ages. These age maps show that isoage contour lines are subparallel to the axial planes of large‐scale, upright folds. On age versus distance diagrams, along a profile perpendicular to the dome axis, all thermochronometers show bell‐shaped curves with younger ages in the hinge area of the dome and age differences between different chronometers decreasing from the limbs to the hinge area. All these observations suggest that folding synchronous with erosion was largely responsible for exhumation of the Tauern Window. The younger ages and the higher fold amplitudes of the western subdome compared to the eastern one are corroborated by the results of inversion of cooling ages that show higher exhumation rates in the west. These reflect one and the same shortening and folding event that affected the entire Tauern Dome synchronously, but at higher rates than that in the western subdome. Only during Pliocene time were exhumation rates slightly higher along the normal faults bordering the window; hence, extensional unroofing may have dominated exhumation in the Pliocene. The northward displacement of the Dolomites Indenter was associated to a clockwise rotation, which caused increased amounts of shortening westward, hence higher uplift and exhumation rates in the western subdome.

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Relating orogen width to shortening, erosion, and exhumation during Alpine collision

Cited by 52 publications

References 78 publications

Slab Break-offs in the Alpine Subduction Zone

Slab Break-offs in the Alpine Subduction Zone

Postcollisional cooling history of the Eastern and Southern Alps and its linkage to Adria indentation

Exhumation mechanisms of the Tauern Window (Eastern Alps) inferred from apatite and zircon fission track thermochronology

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