Relating Size of Juveniles to Survival Within and Among Populations of Chinook Salmon

Zabel, Richard W.; Achord, Stephen

doi:10.1890/02-0719

Cited by 137 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

157

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with previous findings [23,29,[33][34][35], length was positively correlated with survival for nearly all year and reach combinations examined for both PIT and AT fish. One field study failed to detect a relationship between length and survival among acoustic-tagged Chinook salmon smolts emigrating through the Fraser River Basin [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Survival of seaward-migrating PIT and acoustic-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon in the Snake and Columbia Rivers: an evaluation of length-specific tagging effects

Brown

Oldenburg

Seaburg

et al. 2013

Animal Biotelemetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Acoustic telemetry is a widely used tool for evaluating the behavior and survival of juvenile salmonids in the Columbia River basin. Thus, it is important to understand how the surgical tagging process and the presence of a transmitter affect survival. This study evaluated the effect of fish length on the survival of yearling and subyearling Chinook salmon during their seaward migrations through the Snake and Columbia Rivers during 2006, 2007, and 2008. Fish were collected at Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River (695 river km from the mouth of the Columbia) and implanted with either only a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag (PIT fish) or both a PIT tag and an acoustic transmitter (AT fish). Results: Across the 3 years, a total of 157,000 yearling and subyearling fish were tagged and designated as PIT fish and 18,500 as AT fish. Survival was estimated from release at Lower Granite Dam to multiple downstream dams using the Cormack-Jolly-Seber single release model, and analysis of variance was used to test for differences among length classes for both tag types. No length-specific tag effect was detected between PIT and AT fish (that is, length affected the survival of PIT fish and AT fish in a similar manner). Fish length was positively correlated with the survival of both PIT and AT fish. Survival was markedly low among the smallest length class (that is, 80 mm to 89 mm) of both PIT and AT subyearling Chinook salmon and the survival of PIT fish was generally greater than that of AT fish.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Survival of seaward-migrating PIT and acoustic-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon in the Snake and Columbia Rivers: an evaluation of length-specific tagging effects

Brown

Oldenburg

Seaburg

et al. 2013

Animal Biotelemetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the Columbia, linked trophic and population models have been essential in understanding the scope of predation by northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) and nonnative predators in the mainstem river reservoirs (59)(60)(61)(62), impacts of predation by gulls (Larus spp.) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) on migrating juvenile salmon (63)(64)(65)(66), impacts of nonnative mysids and lake trout on kokanee and native salmonids in lakes (28,67), complex species interactions (68), and stage-specific growth and survival of some juvenile salmon populations during freshwater and early marine rearing (69,70). General statistical and population models have been used to explore density dependence and carrying capacities in lakeand stream-rearing populations (71)(72)(73)(74).…”

Section: Incorporating a Food Web Perspective Into Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Naiman

Alldredge

Beauchamp

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

121

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Well-functioning food webs are fundamental for sustaining rivers as ecosystems and maintaining associated aquatic and terrestrial communities. The current emphasis on restoring habitat structure-without explicitly considering food webs-has been less successful than hoped in terms of enhancing the status of targeted species and often overlooks important constraints on ecologically effective restoration. We identify three priority food web-related issues that potentially impede successful river restoration: uncertainty about habitat carrying capacity, proliferation of chemicals and contaminants, and emergence of hybrid food webs containing a mixture of native and invasive species. Additionally, there is the need to place these food web considerations in a broad temporal and spatial framework by understanding the consequences of altered nutrient, organic matter (energy), water, and thermal sources and flows, reconnecting critical habitats and their food webs, and restoring for changing environments. As an illustration, we discuss how the Columbia River Basin, site of one of the largest aquatic/riparian restoration programs in the United States, would benefit from implementing a food web perspective. A food web perspective for the Columbia River would complement ongoing approaches and enhance the ability to meet the vision and legal obligations of the US Endangered Species Act, the Northwest Power Act (Fish and Wildlife Program), and federal treaties with Northwest Indian Tribes while meeting fundamental needs for improved river management.

show abstract

“…Several recent studies of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. have shown that individuals that survive to adulthood were often larger than average as juveniles (Beamish et al 2004;Zabel and Achord 2004;Moss et al 2005;Claiborne et al 2011; Thompson and Beauchamp 2014), and growth rates during initial marine residence are often correlated with survival in both Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar and Pacific salmon (Holtby et al 1990;Jonsson et al 2003;Miller et al 2014) and marine fish in general (Sogard 1997). However, while variation in timing and size at ocean entry is well documented between species or populations occupying independent river basins (e.g., Groot and Margolis 1991;Quinn 2005;Spence and Hall 2010), far less is known about the variation among populations within basins that enter the ocean at a common location (Beamish et al 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stock‐Specific Size and Timing at Ocean Entry of Columbia River Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead: Implications for Early Ocean Growth

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Juvenile salmon transitioning from freshwater to marine environments experience high variation in growth and survival, yet the specific causes of this variation are poorly understood. Size at and timing of ocean entry may contribute to this variation because they influence both the availability of prey and vulnerability to predators. To Subject editor: Carl Walters, University of British Columbia, Canada This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted. *Corresponding author: laurie.weitkamp@noaa.gov Received January 16, 2015; accepted April 28, 2015 370 Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science 7:370-392, 2015 Published with license by American Fisheries Society ISSN: 1942-5120 online DOI: 10.1080/19425120.2015 explore this issue, we used stock assignments based on genetic stock identification and internal tags to document the stock-specific size and timing of juvenile hatchery and presumed wild Columbia River Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss at ocean entry during 2007-2011. We found that juvenile salmon and steelhead had consistent stock-specific capture dates, with lower-river stocks typically having earlier timing than those originating farther upstream. Mean size also varied among stocks and was related to hatchery practices. Hatchery yearling Chinook Salmon and steelhead were consistently larger than wild fish from the same stocks, although timing in the estuary was similar. In contrast, hatchery subyearling Chinook Salmon were of similar size to wild fish but entered the ocean up to a month earlier. We evaluated the potential importance of these traits on early marine growth by estimating stock-specific growth rates for Chinook Salmon caught in estuarine and ocean habitats. Growth rates were related to relative ocean entry timing, with lower growth rates for stocks that had only recently arrived in marine waters. Our results demonstrate that stocks within a single basin can differ in their size and timing of ocean entry, life history traits that contribute to early marine growth and potentially to the survival of juvenile salmon. Our results also highlight the necessity of considering stock-specific variation in life history traits to understand salmon ecology and survival across the entire life cycle.The movement of juvenile salmon from freshwater to marine habitats is a poorly understood but critical transition (Pearcy 1992;Pearcy and McKinnell 2007). During this transition, fish must not only physiologically adapt to salt water, but also contend with entirely new prey, predators, and habitats (Spence and Hall 2010). The size at and timing of ocean entry have been identified as important factors during this period. Minor variation in timing can have...

show abstract

Relating Size of Juveniles to Survival Within and Among Populations of Chinook Salmon

Cited by 137 publications

References 42 publications

Survival of seaward-migrating PIT and acoustic-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon in the Snake and Columbia Rivers: an evaluation of length-specific tagging effects

Survival of seaward-migrating PIT and acoustic-tagged juvenile Chinook salmon in the Snake and Columbia Rivers: an evaluation of length-specific tagging effects

Developing a broader scientific foundation for river restoration: Columbia River food webs

Stock‐Specific Size and Timing at Ocean Entry of Columbia River Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead: Implications for Early Ocean Growth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About