Relation between bitumen chemistry and performance

Redelius, Per; Soenen, Hilde

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.044

Cited by 185 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The exact range of molecular size varies from case to case, depending on the production process and crude oil source. But it is estimated that the size of hydrocarbons in bitumen may range from 20 up to 110 carbons [29]. In order to hypothesize a lattice for PMB, the molecules in bitumen are simplified into molecules of different sizes, as indicated in Figure 3.…”

Section: Figure 1 Phase Diagram (A) and Free Energy Curves (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Zhu

Balieu

et al. 2016

Materials & Design

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In this paper, a phase-field model with viscoelastic effects is developed for polymer modified bitumen (PMB) with the aim to describe and predict the PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour. The viscoelastic effects due to dynamic asymmetry between bitumen and polymer are represented in the model by introducing a composition-dependent mobility coefficient. A double-well potential for PMB system is proposed on the basis of the Flory-Huggins free energy of mixing, with some simplifying assumptions made to take into account the complex chemical composition of bitumen. The model has been implemented in a finite element software package for pseudo-binary PMBs and calibrated with experimental observations of three different PMBs. Parametric studies have been conducted. Simulation results indicate that all the investigated model parameters, including the mobility and gradient energy coefficients, interaction and dilution parameters, have specific effects on the phase separation process of an unstable PMB. In addition to the unstable cases, the model can also describe and predict stable PMBs. Moreover, the phase inversion phenomenon with increasing polymer content in PMBs is also well reproduced by the model. This model can be the foundation of an applicable numerical tool for prediction of PMB storage stability and phase separation behaviour.

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Section: Figure 1 Phase Diagram (A) and Free Energy Curves (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Zhu

Balieu

et al. 2016

Materials & Design

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“…This argumentation is based on several studies, which prove a strong correlation between wax/saturates content and the frequency of occurrence of structural features [27,33,51]. Key works in this area have been conducted by Redelius [46]. Additionally, mixed models have developed by combining both asphaltene precipitation and wax crystallization approaches [53].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bitumen microstructure: a fluorescent approach

et al. 2014

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Five bituminous samples were carefully studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy using 488 nm excitation radiation and observing 500-530 nm of emission. The images revealed the microstructure of bitumen. The influence of the admixture of mineral aggregates concerning the microstructure was tested. For the minerals, no significant influence was found. For understanding the origin of fluorescent signals, the samples were separated into asphaltenes and maltenes and analyzed with fluorescence spectroscopy. Although former works have assumed the origin of fluorescent emissions in bitumen to be found in the asphaltene fraction, the asphaltenes produce little to no emissions, but the maltenes exhibit strong fluorescence in the observed spectral region. For deeper insight, fractionation of the bitumina into the SARA fractions by chromatographic column separation was necessary. The fluorescence spectra of these fractions were analyzed and revealed the aromatics and resin phases to be the only components capable of sufficiently intense fluorescent emission. This is a strong argument for a complex internal microstructure consisting of a mantle of aromatics surrounding an inner core.

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“…The majority of research is based on the analysis of either laboratory-aged bitumen or bitumen extracted from contact with aggregates, or laboratory-aged in the presence of inorganic material and extracted from it for analysis [5,7,9,11,14,22,36]. Typically the first evaluation point is chosen at 60 min.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not possible to determine if the thiols are created, because at t 4 we already have a formation of peaks in sulfoxide and carbonyl region, but also a broad peak at frequencies 2500-2750 cm -1 . The reactions (7)(8)(9)(10)(11) are either happening at a much faster rate than in the B experiment or a different mechanism is preferred. Incidentally, the reaction (11) upon contact with FeCl 3 has been reported to occur catalytically, but via different mechanisms and result in slightly different products [50].…”

Section: The Progress Of the Oxidation Reaction In Heterogeneous Specmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This material transformation has been correlated with the rheological changes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11], commonly referred to as stiffening of bitumen. The common explanation behind the bitumen oxidation reaction is that the uptake of oxygen into the bitumen results in increased polarity of the molecules, which is witnessed by the increasing signal in the carbonyl and sulfoxide characteristic regions in the infrared spectra [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The oxidation of bitumen witnessed in-situ by infrared spectroscopy

2017

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During the production and recycling of asphalt concrete, bitumen in contact with inorganic particles is exposed to air at high temperatures. As a result an oxidation of bitumen, also known as aging, occurs. The reaction between bitumen and air at 163°C was studied insitu with and without the presence of inorganic impurities by means of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the attenuated reflectance mode. This oxidation was discovered to be a step-wise reaction facilitated by the oxidation of thiols and creation of peroxides within the system. The rate of reaction was demonstrated to depend on the type of impurity present, of which iron (III) chloride was the strongest catalyst. It was further demonstrated that the oxidation reaction is inhibited by the adsorption of thiol species present in the system on copper particles. Combining copper with the iron (III) chloride-containing system also resulted in the inhibition of signal increase in the sulfoxide region of the spectra. The results of this preliminary research on the bitumen oxidation reaction presented are proposed for further research regarding control of aging of asphalt concrete, especially during the recycling works.

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Relation between bitumen chemistry and performance

Cited by 185 publications

References 16 publications

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

Modelling and numerical simulation of phase separation in polymer modified bitumen by phase-field method

The bitumen microstructure: a fluorescent approach

The oxidation of bitumen witnessed in-situ by infrared spectroscopy

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