Relation Between Charge Transport and the Number of Interconnected Lamellar Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Crystals

Wang, Binghua; Shen, Changyu; Reiter, Günter; Zhang, Bin

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01146

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Similarly, benefiting from the higher crystalline ordering in thermal annealed P3HT films, the exciton diffusion length can be improved from 3.3 to 7 nm [106] . The reduced distance of adjacent conjugates and increased conjugation length with less energetic disorder produce favorable condition for the hopping of exciton and charge transport [107] . Pfannmöller et al.…”

Section: Temperature Induced Aggregation In Solid‐state Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Induced Aggregation of Organic Semiconductors

Yan

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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One important feature of organic semiconductors is their solution processability, which allows researchers to tune their aggregation states in solution and solid states and to control the processing conditions to reach desirable electronic and optoelectronic properties. Temperature is one of the most important processing parameters of organic semiconductors and has been studied extensively particularly for those conjugated small‐ and macro‐ molecules with strong temperature‐dependent aggregation properties. This minireview summarizes the temperature‐induced aggregation behaviors of organic semiconductors in solution, during solution casting and upon thermal annealing post‐treatment of solid‐state thin films. The influences of different aggregation states on the optoelectronic properties, in particular the photovoltaic properties, are discussed. The conclusions in this work will provide a rational guide to precisely control the aggregation states of organic semiconductors to fabricate high‐performance optoelectronic devices.

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Section: Temperature Induced Aggregation In Solid‐state Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Induced Aggregation of Organic Semiconductors

Yan

et al. 2020

Chemistry A European J

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“…A typical nonequilibrium physics concept, polymer crystallization, is required to explain the transformation from a randomly coiled molten state to a crystalline metastable state. − The process of crystallization may be further attractive in polymorphic polymers due to the transformation of various modifications in different metastable states. − The relative rates of nucleation and growth determine the crystalline modification, size, and distribution of the polymer crystals, parameters (e.g., temperatures of crystallization and aging) that are directly associated with their energy barrier. − Polymorphism may originate from the several possible existences of low-energy conformation in the metastable state of polymer folded-chain crystals. − Physical properties of polymorphic polymers can be varied by controlling the crystal form transformation between different crystalline structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation Mechanism for Form II to I Polymorphic Transformation in Polybutene-1

Wang

et al. 2020

Macromolecules

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By means of in situ small-/wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) techniques, nucleation mechanism for Form I crystals of polybutene-1 (PB-1) has been investigated by heating the early-stage polymorphic transformation specimens (from Form II to Form I) above the nominal melting temperature of Form II crystals. Upon selective melting of Form II crystals at 124 °C, the SAXS curves of the few surviving Form I nanocrystals (volume content about 4.6%) in the melt can be fitted using a form factor for polydisperse cylinders. The geometrical size of Form I cylindrical nanocrystals was around height ≈40 ± 2 nm and radius ≈ 23 ± 1 nm when the aging time reached 12 h. Surprisingly, the height of Form I nanocrystals not only increased with lamellar thickness (d c) of initial Form II crystals but also was always larger than the d c of both initial Form II and pure Form I (i.e., complete transformation). We estimated that the Form I folded-chain nanocrystals consist of two parts, namely, the nuclei of Form I and the epitaxial growth of Form I crystals. Furthermore, our findings suggested that nucleation of Form I has a higher chance to occur at the thicker part of initial Form II crystals. This is probably because the longer parallel-chain stems give rise to a reduction of conformational entropy of the chains, allowing a smaller energy barrier for nucleation of Form I.

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“…Thus, ε c in the perpendicular direction is 50%, which is defined as the deformation of the bundles or the increase in the distance between the neighboring bundles. The film is still conducting even if the strain exceeds ε c because of the network interleaving structure of the bundles . Besides, as for wider and denser bundles of the thick P3HT film, the cracks appear alternately in the P3HT film and the charge can still flow along the path of the bundles under large strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The film is still conducting even if the strain exceeds ε c because of the network interleaving structure of the bundles. 66 Besides, as for wider and denser bundles of the thick P3HT film, the cracks appear alternately in the P3HT film and the charge can still flow along the path of the bundles under large strain.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Electric Response in Highly Oriented Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene) under Anisotropic Strain

Ren

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Exploring flexible and stretchable conjugated polymer devices has garnered particular attention. This work provides a new technology to improve the electrical properties in a stretching process by skillfully assisting the anisotropic tensile properties of oriented regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films. Oriented P3HT films with a long-range ordered chain alignment are fabricated, and stretchable conducting films are achieved by laminating oriented P3HT films and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layers. The differentiation of electrical response is identified when the film is under different stretching directions. The electrical stability of the P3HT film during the stretching process is much better when the stretching direction is perpendicular than along the c-axis of the P3HT film. Moreover, the multiscale structure evolution of P3HT films under stretching is explored. The technology based on oriented conductive polymers under anisotropic stretching condition provides not only a new strategy for fabricating high-quality stretchable devices but also theoretical guidance for studying the mechanical properties for the aligned conjugated film.

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Relation Between Charge Transport and the Number of Interconnected Lamellar Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) Crystals

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Temperature Induced Aggregation of Organic Semiconductors

Temperature Induced Aggregation of Organic Semiconductors

Nucleation Mechanism for Form II to I Polymorphic Transformation in Polybutene-1

Differentiation of Electric Response in Highly Oriented Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene) under Anisotropic Strain

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