Relation between different inclusion-matrix interfaces in steels and the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement

Sulfide Stress Cracking Behavior of a Martensitic Steel Controlled by Tempering Temperature

“…The slender one was typically located in a corrosion pit where SSC was initiating. This observation was in agreement with previous work by Schiapparelli et al, in which HIC was triggered at a non-deformable inclusion of Al 2 O 3 [17]. …”

“…However, these high-strength martensitic steels normally have a high susceptibility to sulfide stress cracking (SSC)/hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) [1]. Therefore, there have been extensive efforts [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22] to understand the mechanisms governing SSC/HIC behaviors and to achieve the desired combination of high strength, high toughness and superior SSC/HIC resistance in these steels by optimizing the alloying design, metallurgical quality and Q&T parameters. …”

“…Among these efforts, the correlations between various metallurgical factors and the susceptibility to SSC/HIC have recently received increasing attention [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. Once these steels are exposed to the sour environment, atomic hydrogen (H) can form on the material surface due to the H + →H reaction [11], which depends on environmental and surface conditions.…”

“…In contrast, irreversible traps, where H can escape only at high temperatures, such as 250 °C or above, might not participate in this behavior [13,14,15]. However, previous works have also identified SSC/HIC initiation at certain inclusions, such as non-deformable Al 2 O 3 [17,18] and large-sized TiN/TiC particles [19] and at their interface with the matrix [26], even though they were irreversible traps. Moreover, once SSC/HIC initiates, it might propagate toward certain preferred directions or zones, such as the phase boundary, the segregation zone, or the particular crystallographic orientation.…”

Corrosion of Additively Manufactured Stainless Steels—Process, Structure, Performance: A Review

“…[96][97] Additionally, dependent on shape, size, and distribution, inclusions may serve as hydrogen sinks or facilitate hydrogen entry, increasing susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement. [98][99] On the other hand, the improved pitting resistance of some SLM SS imparted by scale down or annihilation of inclusions may also suppress crack nucleation in saline environments. The role of inclusions in corrosion fatigue is another critically unaddressed knowledge gap, as several studies have demonstrated the finely dispersed oxides in powder-based AM can reduce impact toughness, ductility, and fatigue life by serving as crack nucleation sites.…”