Relation Between Intensity of Schistosoma Haematobium Infection and Clinical Haematuria and Proteinuria

Mott, K. E.; Dixon, H.; Osei–Tutu, E.; England, E. C.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)92641-7

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…[9][10][11] A close association between the severity of the egg-induced inflammatory response or number of granulomas and eosinophiluria could therefore be expected. In this study, significant correlations between ECP levels and egg counts were found at all examinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[5][6][7][8] Morbidity is associated with the intensity of the infection as estimated by S. haematobium urinary egg counts. [9][10][11][12][13] However, even at similar intensities of infection, disease sequela between individuals may vary widely. 10,14 Ultrasound examination of the urinary tract has proved to be a valuable technique in direct assessment of morbidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Reimert¹,

Mshinda²,

Hatz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Eosinophiluria, as quantified by measuring eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in urinary extracts, microhematuria, egg excretion, and ultrasound-detectable bladder pathology were recorded in Schistosoma haematobium-infected Tanzanian school children at a baseline survey and during an 18-month post-treatment followup study. Significant correlations were seen between urinary ECP levels, intensity of infection, and bladder pathology. Treatment resulted in a marked reduction in prevalence and intensity of infection, in a delayed and less marked reduction in ECP levels, and in a resolution of pathology. The overall diagnostic efficiency of the ECP test (cut-off value for the ECP Ն5 ng/ml) in relation to infection was comparable with that of egg count and microhematuria, but with a better sensitivity than a single egg count. In relation to bladder pathology, the diagnostic performance of the ECP test (cut-off value for the ECP Ն25 ng/ml) exceeded that of a single egg count. In addition, the ECP was better in discriminating between different grades of bladder pathology. The present study points to the ECP as a useful marker of both S. haematobium infection and of associated bladder morbidity reflecting the inflammatory status of the bladder wall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Reimert¹,

Mshinda²,

Hatz³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The resulting change in colour of the strip was compared with manufacturer's colour chart to estimate the amount of blood in the urine. The chemical strips registered urinary blood as negatives or positives (+, ++, +++) 35 .…”

Section: Examination Of Urine For Microhaematuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma haematobium infections among primary school children in Igbokuta Village, Ikorodu North Local Government, Lagos State.

Oluwasogo¹,

Fagbemi²

2013

IOSR-JNHS

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“…[9][10][11] Similarly, the urine circulating cathodic antigen test is sensitive for S. mansoni, but lacks sensitivity for S. haematobium. 12,13 Urine filtration and light microscopy remain an important diagnostic procedure for detection of S. haematobium infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra–Low-Cost Urine Filtration for Schistosoma haematobium Diagnosis: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Ephraim¹,

Duah²,

Andrews³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Simple, efficient, and cost-effective strategies are needed for urine sample preparation in the field diagnosis of infection with Schistosoma haematobium. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated inexpensive and widely available paper products (paper towels, school workbook paper, and newspaper) to gravity-filter urine containing 60 eggs/mL of Schistosoma haematobium. Eggs were reliably visualized by light microscopy by using single-ply paper towels as urine filters. This filtration method has broad applicability in clinical and public health settings in resourceconstrained environments.Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by infection with a bloodborne fluke acquired through direct contact with contaminated fresh water. Approximately 200 million people are infected worldwide, with the vast majority residing in sub-Saharan Africa.1 Urogenital schistosomiasis, which is caused by Schistosoma haematobium, accounts for approximately two-thirds of all cases 2,3 and has a broad range of clinical features, ranging from hematuria and genital ulceration to bladder cancer and infertility.2-4 Rural, impoverished, and marginalized populations are disproportionately affected. 5The World Health Organization is facilitating mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns for several neglected tropical diseases, including the provision of praziquantel in regions with high burdens of schistosomiasis.6 Lower prevalences of infection are found in regions that implement MDA campaigns. 7,8 Effective and inexpensive diagnostic tools will be essential for S. haematobium case detection in clinical and public health settings, especially in regions with an infection prevalence below the threshold for MDA campaigns.There are several low-cost diagnostics strategies for schistosomiasis; urine reagent strips evaluating for hematuria are somewhat sensitive but have a wide range in specificity for S. haematobium diagnosis.9-11 Similarly, the urine circulating cathodic antigen test is sensitive for S. mansoni, but lacks sensitivity for S. haematobium.12,13 Urine filtration and light microscopy remain an important diagnostic procedure for detection of S. haematobium infection. However, techniques used for concentration of eggs from urine involve either centrifugation or filtration by using specialized microporous membranes, which are relatively expensive for use in lowincome countries. Simplifying sample preparation in the field before microscopy is vital for efficient and cost-effective diagnostic strategies in resource-constrained settings. The goal of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate inexpensive, rapid, and effective modes of urine filtration for S. haematobium by using widely available and affordable commercial products, and to compare these approaches with a conventional concentration approach.Ethical approval for this proof-of-concept diagnostic project was granted by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana (IRB/UCC) and the Department of Laboratory Technology.Urine samples from 10...

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Relation Between Intensity of Schistosoma Haematobium Infection and Clinical Haematuria and Proteinuria

Cited by 72 publications

References 9 publications

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Quantitative assessment of eosinophiluria in Schistosoma haematobium infections: a new marker of infection and bladder morbidity.

Prevalence and risk factors of Schistosoma haematobium infections among primary school children in Igbokuta Village, Ikorodu North Local Government, Lagos State.

Ultra–Low-Cost Urine Filtration for Schistosoma haematobium Diagnosis: A Proof-of-Concept Study

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