Relation between non-uniform hemodynamics and sites of altered permeability and lesion growth at the rabbit aorto-celiac junction

Buchanan, John R.; Kleinstreuer, Clement; Truskey, George A.; Lei, Ming

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00264-0

Cited by 133 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We wished to determine whether patterns of WSS can also vary. The values of Re that we studied are appropriate for species ranging from mice to people (Buchanan et al 1999;Shahcheraghi et al 2002;Feintuch et al 2007). Flow partitions have not been measured accurately at intercostal branch sites in any species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Reynolds number and flow division on patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress near branch points in the descending thoracic aorta

Kazakidi

Sherwin

Weinberg

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Atherosclerotic lesions are non-uniformly distributed at arterial bends and branch sites, suggesting an important role for haemodynamic factors, particularly wall shear stress (WSS), in their development. The pattern of lesions at aortic branch sites depends on age and species. Using computational flow simulations in an idealized model of an intercostal artery emerging perpendicularly from the thoracic aorta, we studied the effects of Reynolds number and flow division under steady conditions. Patterns of flow and WSS were strikingly dependent on these haemodynamic parameters. With increasing Reynolds number, WSS, normalized by the fully developed aortic value, was lowered at the sides of the ostium and increased upstream and downstream of it. Increasing flow into the side branch exacerbated these patterns and gave rise to a reversing flow region downstream of the ostium. Incorporation of more realistic geometric features had only minor effects and patterns of mean WSS under pulsatile conditions were similar to the steady flow results. Aspects of the observed WSS patterns correlate with, and may explain, some but not all of the lesion patterns in human, rabbit and mouse aortas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several parameters of potential importance have been proposed, including the oscillatory shear index (OSI ) and WSS (spatial) gradient (Buchanan et al 1999).…”

Section: Simplifying Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reynolds number and flow division on patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress near branch points in the descending thoracic aorta

Kazakidi

Sherwin

Weinberg

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…On the other hand, low and oscillatory shear stresses in regions of complex geometry, e.g., near bifurcations of arteries, are pro-atherogenic and cause molecular signaling of pro-inflammatory pathways [1]. Several studies showed a clear relationship between the presence of atherosclerotic plaque in humans and animals at sites of altered wall shear stress [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI-determined carotid artery flow velocities and wall shear stress in a mouse model of vulnerable and stable atherosclerotic plaque

Bochove

Straathof

Krams

et al. 2010

Magn Reson Mater Phy

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Objectives We report here on the pre-clinical MRI characterization of an apoE−/− mouse model of stable and vulnerable carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques, which were induced by a tapered restriction (cast) around the artery. Specific focus was on the quantification of the wall shear stress, which is considered a key player in the development of the plaque phenotype. Materials and methods In vivo MRI was performed at 9.4 T. The protocol consisted of time-of-flight angiography, highresolution T1-and T2-weighted black-blood imaging and phase-contrast flow velocity imaging as function of time in the cardiac cycle. Wall shear stress was determined by fitting the flow profile to a quadratic polynomial. Results Time-of-flight angiography confirmed preservation of blood flow through the carotid arteries in all cases. T1-and T2-weighted MRI resulted in high-resolution images in which the position of the cast, luminal narrowing introduced by cast and plaque, as well as the arterial wall could be well identified. Laminar flow with low wall shear stress (11.2 ± 5.2 Pa) was measured upstream to the cast at the position of the vulnerable plaque. Downstream to the cast at the position of the stable plaque, the apparent velocities were low, which Conclusions Flow velocities and wall shear stress were successfully measured in this mouse model of stable and unstable plaque. The presented tools can be used to provide valuable insights in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

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“…The relation between shear stress and atherosclerosis is based almost exclusively on observational studies in humans and large animals. 1,4,5 In addition, there is a large body of evidence on the response of cultured endothelial cells to variations in shear stress (reviewed in Shyy and Chien 6 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Atherosclerotic Lesion Size and Vulnerability Are Determined by Patterns of Fluid Shear Stress

et al. 2006

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Background-Atherosclerotic lesions are predominantly observed in curved arteries and near side branches, where low or oscillatory shear stress patterns occur, suggesting a causal connection. However, the effect of shear stress on plaque vulnerability is unknown because the lack of an appropriate in vivo model precludes cause-effect studies. Methods and Results-We developed a perivascular shear stress modifier that induces regions of lowered, increased, and lowered/oscillatory (ie, with vortices) shear stresses in mouse carotid arteries and studied plaque formation and composition. Atherosclerotic lesions developed invariably in the regions with lowered shear stress or vortices, whereas the regions of increased shear stress were protected.

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Relation between non-uniform hemodynamics and sites of altered permeability and lesion growth at the rabbit aorto-celiac junction

Cited by 133 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Reynolds number and flow division on patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress near branch points in the descending thoracic aorta

Effect of Reynolds number and flow division on patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress near branch points in the descending thoracic aorta

MRI-determined carotid artery flow velocities and wall shear stress in a mouse model of vulnerable and stable atherosclerotic plaque

Atherosclerotic Lesion Size and Vulnerability Are Determined by Patterns of Fluid Shear Stress

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