1978
DOI: 10.1346/ccmn.1978.0260505
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Relation Between Swelling, Surface Area and b Dimension of Na-Montmorillonites

Abstract: Abstract--From swelling and surface area measurements, it was found that the swelling of a montmorillonite depends linearly on the fraction of its layers that fully expand in water and that this fraction, in turn, depends linearly on the b dimension of the unit cell. Therefore, swelling is a linear function of the b dimension. However, the specific surface area of a montmorillonite is a linear function of its b dimension only if no partially expanded layers exist. It was also found that the distance between fu… Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 18 publications
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“…Although these results cannot be compared precisely with the present results, they provide some support for the mechanisms described in our hypothesis, which was evolved to relate the present results to the differences in the expandibility of various montmorillonites on adsorption of water and ethylene glycol. Odom and Low (1978) found that the distribution of unexpanded, partially and fully expanded layers in the Otay and Cameron montmorillonites (SCD > 2.0 tzeq/m 2) was similar to that for Belle Fourche and Upton montmorillonites (SCD -1.0/zeq/ m2). A similar comparison by our differential enthalpy measurements between, for example, the New Mexico smectite (SCD = 2.0 tLeq/m 2) and the Upton montmorillonite (SCD = 1.50/zeq]m2), suggests that Odom and Low' s conclusion is most unlikely.…”
Section: Differential Heats Of Ca--~k Exchangementioning
confidence: 57%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Although these results cannot be compared precisely with the present results, they provide some support for the mechanisms described in our hypothesis, which was evolved to relate the present results to the differences in the expandibility of various montmorillonites on adsorption of water and ethylene glycol. Odom and Low (1978) found that the distribution of unexpanded, partially and fully expanded layers in the Otay and Cameron montmorillonites (SCD > 2.0 tzeq/m 2) was similar to that for Belle Fourche and Upton montmorillonites (SCD -1.0/zeq/ m2). A similar comparison by our differential enthalpy measurements between, for example, the New Mexico smectite (SCD = 2.0 tLeq/m 2) and the Upton montmorillonite (SCD = 1.50/zeq]m2), suggests that Odom and Low' s conclusion is most unlikely.…”
Section: Differential Heats Of Ca--~k Exchangementioning
confidence: 57%
“…The 10.9-kJ/eq group is tentatively assigned to nonexpanding 'true mica' layers, the 9.4-kJ/eq and 8.7-kJ/eq groups to partially expanding 'hydrous mica' layers, and the 7.5-kJ/eq, 6.6-kJ/eq, and 5.7-kJ/eq groups to fully expanding 'true montmorillonite' layers (Table 4). Odom and Low (1978) used a similar classification when relating the b dimensions of the <0.2-tzm fractions of six Na-saturated montmorillonites to their specific surface areas and to the mass ratio (water adsorbed at 42.6 cm water tension)/(montmorillonite). They concluded that for these materials with a CEC range of 660-1150 tzeq/g, the fraction of unexpanded layers at a water tension of 42.6 cm was constant at a value of 0.18, and the fraction of partially expanded layers was not significantly different from 0.…”
Section: Differential Heats Of Ca--~k Exchangementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The specific surface area of clay gels was determined using the method described by Odom and Low (1978), which was patterned after the 2-ethoxyethanol (also known as ethylene glycol-monoethyl ether, EGME) method of Carter et aL (1965). Implicit to this method is the assumption that EGME wets the same surfaces as water.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, II must depend directly on the cationexchange capacity (60) and inversely on the specific surface area (Sin) of the clay, viz. Low and coworkers (Odom and Low, 1978;Low and Margheim, 1979;Low, 1980), on the other hand, described clay swelling as a phenomenon deriving from Current address: EPL Bio-Analytical Services, Inc., Decatur, Illinois 62525. the surface area of the clay with little dependence on w, obeying the empirical equation…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to double-layer theory, the swelling of clay in water is largely osmotic and should increase with surface charge density (Verwey and Overbeek, 1948). Low and co-workers (Odom and Low, 1978;Low and Margheim, 1979;Low, 1980Low, , 1981Viani et al, 1983) on the other hand, reported that swelling is largely independent of surface charge, asserting that surface area is the determining factor. A knowledge of the precise effects of Fe oxidation state on surface charge would be useful to evaluate these apparently conflicting theories of clay swelling.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%