Relation between therapeutic orientation and personality in psychotherapists.

Tremblay, Janine M.; Herron, William G.; Schultz, Candace L.

doi:10.1037/0735-7028.17.2.106

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…There is a considerable body of research evidence to support the re-enactment hypothesis in the work setting. It suggests that EMS may even play a signifi cant role in determining career choice, based on the notion that people with certain types of EMS are 'attracted' toward particular types of career for the purpose of re-enactment (Arthur, 2000;Bartnick, Kappelman, Berger, & Sigman, 1985;Bion, 1961;Borges & Osman, 2001;Eron, 1955;Furnham, 1997;Holland, 1973;Holland, 1985;Khaleelee, 1994;Lowman & Schurman, 1982;Lowman, 1991bLowman, , 1993aMcManus, Lefford, Furnham, Shahidi, & Pincus, 1996;Merodoulaki, 1994;Obholzer & Roberts, 1994;Owen, 1993;Paris & Frank, 1984;Peck, 1987;Pines, 2000;Price, 2002Price, , 2006Scandell, Wlazelek, & Scandell, 1997;Schneider, 1987;Sherman, 1996;Smart, Elton, & Mc Laughlin, 1986;Tremblay, Herron, & Schultz, 1986).…”

Section: A Schema-focused Model Of Occupational Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Danger—early maladaptive schemas at work!: the role of early maladaptive schemas in career choice and the development of occupational stress in health workers

Bamber¹,

McMahon²

2008

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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The schema-focused model of occupational stress and work dysfunctions (Bamber & Price, 2006; Bamber, 2006) hypothesizes that individuals with EMS (unconsciously) gravitate toward occupations with similar dynamics and structures to the toxic early environments and relationships that created them. They subsequently re-enact these EMS and their associated maladaptive coping styles in the workplace. For most individuals, this results in 'schema healing', but for some individuals with more rigid and severe EMS, schema healing is not achieved and the structures and relationships of the workplace, together with the utilization of maladaptive coping styles, serve to perpetuate their EMS. The model hypothesizes that it is these individuals who are most vulnerable to developing occupational stress syndromesTo date, this model has been subjected to very little empirical investigation, so the main aim of this study was to address this gap in the literature by testing out some of its main assumptions and to provide empirical data, which would either support or reject the model using a population of health workers. Specifically, it was hypothesized that 'occupation-specific' EMS would be found in health workers from a range of different healthcare professions. It was also hypothesized that the presence of higher levels of EMS would be predictive of raised levels of occupational stress, psychiatric caseness and increased sickness absence in those individuals.A cross-sectional study design was employed and a total of 249 staff working within a NHS Trust, belonging to one of five occupational groups (medical doctors, nurses, clinical psychologists, IT staff and managers), participated in the study. All participants completed the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (Young, 1998); the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Form (Maslach & Jackson, 1981), and the General Health Questionnaire-28-item version (Goldberg, 1978). A demographic questionnaire and sickness absence data was also collected. The results of a between groups analysis of variance and further post hoc statistical analyses identified a number of occupation specific EMS. Also, the results of a series of multiple linear regression analyses indicated the presence of some EMS to be predictive of higher levels of burnout, psychiatric caseness and sickness absence in health workers. In conclusion, the findings of this study provide empirical support for the schema-focused model of occupational stress and work dysfunctions (Bamber & Price, 2006; Bamber, 2006), and it appears that the existence of underlying EMS may constitute a predisposing vulnerability factor to developing occupational stress.

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Section: A Schema-focused Model Of Occupational Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Danger—early maladaptive schemas at work!: the role of early maladaptive schemas in career choice and the development of occupational stress in health workers

Bamber¹,

McMahon²

2008

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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“…Self-designation is a common method for assessing theoretical orientation (e.g., see Fischer et al 1975;Steiner 1978;Tremblay et al 1986;Walton 1978). The questionnaire asked participants to designate their theoretical orientations regarding psychotherapy.…”

Section: Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Beliefs and Therapeutic Orientations of Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Bilgrave¹,

Deluty²

1998

Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.A 65-item questionnaire was used to examine the relations among religious beliefs and psychotherapeutic orientations in a national sample of 237 clinical and counseling psychologists. Sixty-six percent of these psychologists believed in the transcendent; 72% asserted that their religiouts beliefs influenced their practice of psychotherapy, and 66% claimed that their practice of therapy influenced their religious beliefs.Psychologists who affirmed Christian beliefs tended to endorse the cognitive-behavioral orientation, and those who affirmed Eastern and mystical beliefs tended to endorse humanistic and existential orientations.These findings suggest (a) that most psychologists synthesize personal Weltanschauungen composed of elements derived from both their study of psychology and their exposure to religion and (b) that these syntheses are not random, that specific religious beliefs are differentially associated with specific psychotherapeutic orientations. NTRODUCTIONEach culture possesses a Weltanschauung, a comprehensive view of the world. The current Weltanschauung in the West is a curious amalgam, consisting of religious, humanistic, scientific, and romantic elements (Frank 1977;Kurtz 1985;Woolfolk and Richardson 1984).Its religious elements stem primarily from our Judeo-Christian heritage and stress a correct relationship with God reflected in loving relationships with others and in moral conduct. Its humanistic and scientific elements -sometimes referred to jointly as secular humanism stem primarily from our Greco-Roman heritage and the intellectual developments of the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and positivistic philosophy and stress the use of reflective reason (a) to gain objective knowledge, (b) to choose wisely among conflicting values -none of which has a transcendent source -and (c) to work toward personal well being and social equality and justice (Woolfolk and Richardson 1984). Its romantic elements -sometimes referred to as romantic humanism -stem, in part, from the Romantic movement of the first half of the eighteenth century and stress subjective, immediate experience, the cultivation of affect and intuition, and the creation of personal meaning through authentic choice (Kurtz 1985;Woolfolk and Richardson 1984). These diverse elements coexist in an uneasy, unstable balance: Often, they are in conflict.As with each culture, each individual, too, possesses a personal Weltanschauung, a personal belief system, an explanatory matrix, a unique map of the world and picture of self (

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“…There is evidence that the suitability of an applied therapy to a therapist’s personality affects satisfaction with her/his training and work (Topolinski and Hertel, 2007; Vangermain and Brauchle, 2013; Taubner et al, 2014). Above all, there seem to be correlations between therapists’ personalities and the choice of therapy approach (Tremblay et al, 1986; Arthur, 2001; Poznanski and McLennan, 2003; Ogunfowora and Drapeau, 2008; Boswell et al, 2009; Buckman and Barker, 2010), which are not only reflected in the therapist’s self-ratings but also by the ratings of others (Keinan et al, 1989). Such choices and attitudes can change not only in the course of training but even more importantly, in the course of professional life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Styles of German-Speaking Psychotherapists Differ from a Norm, and Male Psychotherapists Differ from Their Female Colleagues

et al. 2017

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Variables pertaining to the person of the psychotherapist have been neglected in psychotherapy research for some time. Concerning personality in particular, however, research has mostly focused on its relation with the psychotherapist’s choice of method, or differences between the various major therapy approaches. That is, psychotherapists were compared to each other without specifying how exactly psychotherapists are in comparison to “ordinary people.” We wanted to know: Are there specific personality styles that distinguish psychotherapists from the norm? A sample of 1,027 psychotherapists from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland filled out the short version of the Personality Style and Disorder Inventory (PSDI-S) via online survey. The PSDI-S is a self-report questionnaire that assesses 14 personality styles, partly related to the non-pathological equivalents of classifiable personality disorders. The psychotherapists were compared to a normative sample of 3,392 people of different professions. The results could be divided into three groups: (1) Large differences in four personality styles that might contribute to relationship skills and may enable psychotherapists to put their own personal opinion aside, show empathy and appreciation, open themselves to the emotional experience of the patient, and provide a trusting relationship. (2) Moderate differences in seven personality styles that are equally indicative of the professional social skills of the psychotherapists, i.e., they were neither submissive nor passive, not excessively helpful, but also not too self-assertive. (3) Hardly any or no differences regarding a charming (histrionic) style, optimism, and conscientiousness. Gender-specific results revealed that male psychotherapists differed from their female colleagues, but they did so differently than men and women in the normative sample do. The main limitations were that we relied on self-report and did not statistically control for gender, age, and education, when comparing to the norm. As a conclusion, German-speaking psychotherapists show personality styles that we interpret as functional for psychotherapeutic practice but this needs corroboration from studies that use different methods and measures.

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Relation between therapeutic orientation and personality in psychotherapists.

Abstract: Her interests include the study of cultural and personality factors as they influence psychotherapeutic processes and results.

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Danger—early maladaptive schemas at work!: the role of early maladaptive schemas in career choice and the development of occupational stress in health workers

Danger—early maladaptive schemas at work!: the role of early maladaptive schemas in career choice and the development of occupational stress in health workers

Religious Beliefs and Therapeutic Orientations of Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Personality Styles of German-Speaking Psychotherapists Differ from a Norm, and Male Psychotherapists Differ from Their Female Colleagues

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