Relation of contaminants to fish intersex in riverine sport fishes

Grieshaber, Casey A.; Penland, Tiffany N.; Kwak, Thomas J.; Cope, W. Gregory; Heise, Ryan J.; Law, J. Mac; Shea, Damian; Aday, D. Derek; Rice, James A.; Kullman, Seth W.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.071

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…A high prevalence of testicular oocytes, an intersex condition, has been observed in smallmouth bass within the Potomac ( Blazer et al, 2007 , 2010 ; Iwanowicz et al, 2009 ) and Susquehanna ( Blazer et al, 2014 ) river basins of the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW) in the eastern United States. Throughout North America, intersex gonads have been found in black bass species including smallmouth bass ( Micropterus dolomieu ) and largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides) ( Abdel-Moneim et al, 2015 ; Blazer et al, 2018 ; Grieshaber et al, 2018 ; Hinck et al, 2009 ; Iwanowicz et al, 2016 ; Kellock et al, 2014 ; Yonkos, Friedel & Fisher, 2014 ). The individual chemicals, complex mixtures of chemical compounds and/or other environmental stressors contributing to the development of intersex in specific areas are not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)

Leet

Richter

Cornman

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Endocrine disrupting contaminants are of continuing concern for potentially contributing to reproductive dysfunction in largemouth and smallmouth bass in the Chesapeake Bay watershed (CBW) and elsewhere. Exposures to atrazine (ATR) have been hypothesized to have estrogenic effects on vertebrate endocrine systems. The incidence of intersex in male smallmouth bass from some regions of CBW has been correlated with ATR concentrations in water. Fish early life stages may be particularly vulnerable to ATR exposure in agricultural areas, as a spring influx of pesticides coincides with spawning and early development. Our objectives were to investigate the effects of early life stage exposure to ATR or the model estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on sexual differentiation and gene expression in gonad tissue. We exposed newly hatched largemouth bass (LMB, Micropterus salmoides) from 7 to 80 days post-spawn to nominal concentrations of 1, 10, or 100 µg ATR/L or 1 or 10 ng EE2/L and monitored histological development and transcriptomic changes in gonad tissue. We observed a nearly 100% female sex ratio in LMB exposed to EE2 at 10 ng/L, presumably due to sex reversal of males. Many gonad genes were differentially expressed between sexes. Multidimensional scaling revealed clustering by gene expression of the 1 ng EE2/L and 100 µg ATR/L-treated male fish. Some pathways responsive to EE2 exposure were not sex-specific. We observed differential expression in male gonad in LMB exposed to EE2 at 1 ng/L of several genes involved in reproductive development and function, including star, cyp11a2, ddx4 (previously vasa), wnt5b, cyp1a and samhd1. Expression of star, cyp11a2 and cyp1a in males was also responsive to ATR exposure. Overall, our results confirm that early development is a sensitive window for estrogenic endocrine disruption in LMB and are consistent with the hypothesis that ATR exposure induces some estrogenic responses in the developing gonad. However, ATR-specific and EE2-specific responses were also observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)

Leet

Richter

Cornman

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…The legacy has been documented contamination of air, soil (Beattie et al ., 2017), surface water and groundwater, sediment, wells, and harm to terrestrial plants, fish (Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality, 2008), other aquatic life, birds (Beyer et al ., 2004), other wildlife and human health (Manders and Aber, 2014; Suggs, 1986). Heavy metals have been associated with endocrine disruption ( e.g ., Paschoalini et al ., 2019) and intersex fish (Grieshaber et al ., 2018) of other fish species elsewhere, although direct causal links are difficult to establish. Other contaminant problems have also occurred associated with Grand Lake in the preceding decades, including industrial chemical spills in the Spring River near Baxter Springs, Kansas (EPA, 2011).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

First observations of intersex development in paddlefish Polyodon spathula

Schooley¹,

Geik

Scarnecchia

2020

Journal of Fish Biology

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This study reports the first cases of intersex (abnormal development of both male and female reproductive tissues in a gonad) paddlefish Polyodon spathula, an Acipenseriform species of large rivers in the central U.S. and in aquaculture worldwide. Despite a large, multi‐decadal data set in Oklahoma, Montana, and North Dakota, intersex development was not observed until 2019, when two individuals were harvested from the Grand Lake/Neosho River stock in Oklahoma. This suggests that intersex development in mid‐water, zooplanktivorous paddlefish is rarer than in bottom‐dwelling sturgeons for which intersex development is regularly observed. Although contaminants are implicated in causing intersex development in other Acipenseriformes, more investigation is needed.

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“…131 Classes of EACs that often enter aquatic ecosystems include PCBs, current use pesticides, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pharmaceuticals, BPA, and heavy metals—forming chemical mixtures with potential additive or synergistic effects. 132,133 Of particular concern are the persistent organic pollutants, including the PCBs and OCPs, known to have “legacy effects” on biota. 134…”

Section: Update On Intersex and Endocrine-induced Reproductive Abnormmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…146 Once the various land uses were defined and categorized, statewide assessments were begun to correlate the intersex condition in male North Carolina fishes with the presence of EACs of various classes. 130,133 Collection sites were initially selected as follows: 8 point sources, defined by direct discharge into water; 9 nonpoint sources with indirect diffusion into water; and 3 reference sites, with no apparent discharge upstream (Figure 13). Fish were obtained using backpack or boat-mounted electrofishing (pulsed direct current).…”

Section: Update On Intersex and Endocrine-induced Reproductive Abnormmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Pathology

et al. 2019

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During the past 20 years, investigations involving endocrine active substances (EAS) and reproductive toxicity have dominated the landscape of ecotoxicological research. This has occurred in concert with heightened awareness in the scientific community, general public, and governmental entities of the potential consequences of chemical perturbation in humans and wildlife. The exponential growth of experimentation in this field is fueled by our expanding knowledge into the complex nature of endocrine systems and the intricacy of their interactions with xenobiotic agents. Complicating factors include the ever-increasing number of novel receptors and alternate mechanistic pathways that have come to light, effects of chemical mixtures in the environment versus those of single EAS laboratory exposures, the challenge of differentiating endocrine disruption from direct cytotoxicity, and the potential for transgenerational effects. Although initially concerned with EAS effects chiefly in the thyroid glands and reproductive organs, it is now recognized that anthropomorphic substances may also adversely affect the nervous and immune systems via hormonal mechanisms and play substantial roles in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity.

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Relation of contaminants to fish intersex in riverine sport fishes

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)

Effects of early life stage exposure of largemouth bass to atrazine or a model estrogen (17α-ethinylestradiol)

First observations of intersex development in paddlefish Polyodon spathula

Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Pathology

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