Relation of Dental Caries in Rural Children to Sex, Age and Environment

East, Bion R.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1940.02000060047005

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“… This advertisement appeared in JADA [ 114 ], suggested seasonality of dental caries, and provided a reference to a study supporting such a claim. Over 10 such seasonality studies had been conducted [ 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 ]. The National Research Council later concluded that seasonality of dental caries “merits further intensive investigation” [ 126 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Private Interests and the Start of Fluoride-Supplemented High-Carbohydrate Nutritional Guidelines

Hujoel

2022

Nutrients

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Fluoride has no tangible health benefits other than preventing dental caries and there is a small difference between its minimum effective dose and its minimum toxic dose. Leading global organizations currently recommend fluoride supplementation because they recommend high-carbohydrate diets which can cause dental caries. Low-carbohydrate diets prevent dental caries making such fluoride recommendations largely unnecessary. A dental organization was among the first to initiate the public health recommendations which started fluoride-supplemented high-carbohydrate nutritional guidelines. This start required expert panels at this dental organization to reverse on three key scientific points between 1942 and 1949: (1) that topical fluoride had potential harms, (2) that dental caries was a marker for micronutrient deficiencies, and (3) that low-carbohydrate diets are to be recommended for dental caries prevention. Internal documents show that private interests motivated the events which led these expert panels to engage in pivotal scientific reversals. These private interests biased scientific processes and these reversals occurred largely in an absence of supporting evidence. It is concluded that private interests played a significant role in the start of public health endorsements of fluoride-supplemented high-carbohydrate nutritional guidelines.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Private Interests and the Start of Fluoride-Supplemented High-Carbohydrate Nutritional Guidelines

Hujoel

2022

Nutrients

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“…Seasonal effects on dental caries activity also have been suspected by several authors (11,8, 9,10,12,13). Since the heat regulating mechanism of the body and other general physiologic conditions are greatly affected by climatic variations, such as those of humidity, temperature, air pressre, etc., and food intake; it is quite conceivable that not only dental caries activity but also salivary composition might be affected.…”

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confidence: 96%

Human Saliva

Wainwright

Becks

1946

J Dent Res

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The possibility of seasonal influences upon salivary calcium levels has been mentioned in a preliminary report of Brawley and Sedwick (4). Seasonal effects on dental caries activity also have been suspected by several authors (11,8, 9,10,12,13). Since the heat regulating mechanism of the body and other general physiologic conditions are greatly affected by climatic variations, such as those of humidity, temperature, air pressre, etc., and food intake; it is quite conceivable that not only dental caries activity but also salivary composition might be affected.The results of a large series of salivary analyses accumulated over a 3 year period, which showed definite relations between the age of subjects, rate of flow, total calcium and inorganic phosphorus content, were evaluated for possible seasonal variations. Because of the large number of individuals examined it was felt that seasonal effects could be noted although different individuals were examined in each season.Age: The results of 650 salivary analyses previously reported (2, 1, 14) were sorted according to the date of analysis and the values obtained over the 3 year period combined by months. Since it was found in previous studies (1, 14) that age influences calcium and phosphorus composition this factor had to be taken into consideration in comparing the values from month to month. The monthly average ages (Table I) grouped together and separated as to sex are presented graphically in figs. lA, B and C. The highest average age (56 years) occurred in the month of August and the lowest (18 years) in October and otherwise they vary considerably.Rate of Flow: The averages of rate of flow (Table I and figs. iD, E and F) show a singular lack of variation by months and the standard deviations are often quite large. In Table II are given the month of analysis, age, and sex of the eleven individuals (2) who because of their low rates of flow (below 0.5 cc./hr.) are not included in the figures or tables and their samples were not sufficient for analysis.Calcium and Phosphorus mg.% and mg./hr.: The calcium mg.% levels shown in figs. 2A, B and C are remarkably constant throughout the year. An exception 1

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Vitamin D and Fluorine

East¹

1942

Am J Dis Child

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Relation of Dental Caries in Rural Children to Sex, Age and Environment

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Private Interests and the Start of Fluoride-Supplemented High-Carbohydrate Nutritional Guidelines

Private Interests and the Start of Fluoride-Supplemented High-Carbohydrate Nutritional Guidelines

Human Saliva

Vitamin D and Fluorine

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