Relation of Heavy Metals in Cord and Maternal Blood to Neonatal Anthropometric Indices

Hameed, Enas R. Abdel; Shehata, Manal A.; Ahmed, Hanaa H.; Sherif, Lobna S.; Elnady, Hala G.; Waheed, Hisham

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2019/39929.12653

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Just like endocrine disrupting chemicals, metals are easily transported through the placenta [139,140] and might cause adverse pregnancy outcomes like adverse. glycemic parameters, small for gestational age and stillbirths [140][141][142].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Eberle

Stichling

2022

BMC Public Health

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Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications globally. Environmental risk factors may lead to increased glucose levels and GDM, which in turn may affect not only the health of the mother but assuming hypotheses of "fetal programming", also the health of the offspring. In addition to traditional GDM risk factors, the evidence is growing that environmental influences might affect the development of GDM. We conducted a systematic review analyzing the association between several environmental health risk factors in pregnancy, including climate factors, chemicals and metals, and GDM. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science Core Collection databases for research articles published until March 2021. Epidemiological human and animal model studies that examined GDM as an outcome and / or glycemic outcomes and at least one environmental risk factor for GDM were included. Results Of n = 91 studies, we classified n = 28 air pollution, n = 18 persistent organic pollutants (POP), n = 11 arsenic, n = 9 phthalate n = 8 bisphenol A (BPA), n = 8 seasonality, n = 6 cadmium and n = 5 ambient temperature studies. In total, we identified two animal model studies. Whilst we found clear evidence for an association between GDM and air pollution, ambient temperature, season, cadmium, arsenic, POPs and phthalates, the findings regarding phenols were rather inconsistent. There were clear associations between adverse glycemic outcomes and air pollution, ambient temperature, season, POPs, phenols, and phthalates. Findings regarding cadmium and arsenic were heterogeneous (n = 2 publications in each case). Conclusions Environmental risk factors are important to consider in the management and prevention of GDM. In view of mechanisms of fetal programming, the environmental risk factors investigated may impair the health of mother and offspring in the short and long term. Further research is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Eberle

Stichling

2022

BMC Public Health

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“…The CONTAM Panel identified 40 additional papers that were not included in the EFSA 2009 Opinion. In 25 of these papers, As exposure and birth weight were reported, but the studies were not considered further either because exposure was assessed by total As in blood, serum or urine and it was not possible to evaluate the contributions of organic vs. inorganic As (Bermúdez et al., 2015 ; Bloom et al., 2015 ; Deyssenroth et al., 2018 ; Govarts et al., 2016 ; Guan et al., 2012 ; Hameed et al., 2019 ; Henn et al., 2016 ; Lee et al., 2021 ; Liao et al., 2018 ; Liu et al., 2018 ; Mullin et al., 2019 ; Nyanza et al., 2020 , Rahman, Oken, et al., 2021 ; Remy et al., 2014 ; Röllin et al., 2017 ; Wang, Li, Zhang, et al, 2018 ; Wang, Wang, Wang, et al., 2022 ; Xu et al., 2011 ; Xu, Hansen, et al., 2022 ), and/or the papers did not explicitly report associations between As exposure and birth weight (Fei et al., 2013 ; Mullin et al., 2019 ; Muse et al., 2020 ; Remy et al., 2014 ; Saha et al., 2012 ; Thomas et al., 2015 ; Wai et al., 2020 ; Wei, Shi, et al., 2017 ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food

Schrenk,

Bignami,

Bodin

et al. 2024

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2009 risk assessment on arsenic in food carrying out a hazard assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and using the revised exposure assessment issued by EFSA in 2021. Epidemiological studies show that the chronic intake of iAs via diet and/or drinking water is associated with increased risk of several adverse outcomes including cancers of the skin, bladder and lung. The CONTAM Panel used the benchmark dose lower confidence limit based on a benchmark response (BMR) of 5% (relative increase of the background incidence after adjustment for confounders, BMDL05) of 0.06 μg iAs/kg bw per day obtained from a study on skin cancer as a Reference Point (RP). Inorganic As is a genotoxic carcinogen with additional epigenetic effects and the CONTAM Panel applied a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the risk characterisation. In adults, the MOEs are low (range between 2 and 0.4 for mean consumers and between 0.9 and 0.2 at the 95th percentile exposure, respectively) and as such raise a health concern despite the uncertainties.

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“…Several studies have investigated the passage of these contaminants from the mother to the fetus, and their influence on the health of pregnant mothers and their fetuses where they can affect growth and development [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Can either Aid or Oppose the Protective Function of the Placental Barrier

Hameed¹,

Shehata²,

Waheed³

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: In developing countries, toxic heavy metals are a threatening catastrophe to human health, particularly in the vulnerable group of pregnant mothers and their fetuses. Fortunately, the placenta can be a protective barrier to the fetuses. AIM: To explore the relationship between serum lead, cadmium and arsenic levels in pregnant mothers and their newborns, to address the placental barrier in this situation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 pregnant mothers at the time of labour and their newborns. Serum cadmium, lead, and arsenic levels were measured using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. RESULTS: All the studied heavy metals concentrations showed a significant elevation in the maternal blood relative to the cord blood. There was a significant association between the maternal lead and both fetal lead and arsenic. Meanwhile, a negative but insignificant correlation was recorded between the maternal cadmium and each of the fetal cadmium, lead, and arsenic. CONCLUSION: The study findings indicated a weak relation between maternal and fetal blood heavy metals, except for the influence of maternal lead, so it can be assumed that the placental barriers are partially protective against those toxic pollutants, putting into consideration the influence of their different natures.

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Relation of Heavy Metals in Cord and Maternal Blood to Neonatal Anthropometric Indices

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food

Heavy Metals Can either Aid or Oppose the Protective Function of the Placental Barrier

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