Relation of Reduced Expression of MiR-150 in Platelets to Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Chronic Systolic Heart Failure

Goren, Yaron; Meiri, Eti; Hogan, Christopher; Mitchell, Heather; Lebanony, Danit; Salman, Nabia; Schliamser, Jorge E.; Amir, Offer

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.11.060

Cited by 95 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Studies investigating correlations between platelet function and the risk of embolic complications in patients with AF secondary to valvular pathologies and NVAF have been conducted for many years [10,[25][26][27][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. An increased level of platelets in patients with thrombocythemia and an association with thromboembolic events has been confirmed.…”

Section: Role Of Platelets In the Pathogenesis Of Thromboembolic Compmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Platelets in Thromboembolism in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

2015

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of patients with AF is diversified. The rate of thromboembolic complications, predisposing factors and destination of embolism are different in valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF) and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Patients with VAF have a higher risk of thromboembolism and a higher prevalence of thrombus location within the body of the left atrium compared to NVAF. VAF is also associated with higher propensity for non-cerebral thromboemboli than in NVAF [5]. There are many as yet unanswered questions surrounding the increased thrombotic tendency in AF. One of the crucial questions is what determines the fact that a thrombus in the left atrium remains in situ in some patients, while in others it breaks off and leads to embolic complications.As in other disorders, the risk of thromboembolic complications in AF is related to the triad of factors proposed by Rudolf Virchow: abnormalities in blood flow, endocardial/vessels wall damage and alterations in blood composition.Symptomatic thromboembolic complications are diagnosed annually on average in 5% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the incidence rate of these complications varies over a broad range, from 0.5 to over 20% per year depending on coexisting risk factors [1]. Thromboembolic complications secondary to AF are a major cause of mortality and disability. The most common complication of AF is stroke, accounting for between 80% and over 90% of all embolic events [2]. Embolization of peripheral arteries with thrombotic material originating in the left atrium occurs much less commonly; however, in the group of patients having surgery due to peripheral embolism, 60-95% are diagnosed with AF [3].Thrombus formation in the left atrium can be triggered by a range of factors, both inherited and acquired. It is necessary to take into account factors directly associated with the cardiac rhythm disorder and concomitant diseases [4] AbstractThromboembolic complications of atrial fibrillation (AF) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality but the mechanism of its process remain poorly understood. There are many as yet unanswered questions surrounding the increased thrombotic tendency in AF. One of the crucial questions is what determines the fact that a thrombus remains in the left atrium in situ in some patients, while in others it breaks off and leads to embolic complications. Recent studies indicated an important role of platelets in the left atrial's thrombus formation and suggest that the embolic potential of left atrial thromboses depends on the involvement of platelets in the process of fibrin stabilization rather than aggregation. New methods for investigating platelets function, such as the analysis of transcription activity of RNA coming from platelets contained in thrombi formed in AF, creates an opportunity for studying populations of platelets that are directly involved in homeostatic clot formation. In this paper we present current opinions on the participation of platelets in the pathogenesis of thromboembolism in patients with...

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Section: Role Of Platelets In the Pathogenesis Of Thromboembolic Compmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Platelets in Thromboembolism in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

2015

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“…Compared with CAD and HF there is much less data from clinical trials reported on circulating miRNAs in diagnostic approaches for AF. Some clinical trials, however, identified circulating miRNAs including miR-499 [44], miR-328 [43,45], miR-150 [46], miR-409-3p, and miR-432 [41], miR-126 [126]. None of the reported miRNAs were validated and all trials refer to rather small patients cohorts.…”

Section: Atrial Fibrillation (Af)mentioning

confidence: 99%

microRNAs in cardiovascular disease – clinical application

Schulte

Karakas

Zeller

2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

107

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known, powerful regulators of gene expression, and their potential to serve as circulating biomarkers is widely accepted. In cardiovascular disease (CVD), numerous studies have suggested miRNAs as strong circulating biomarkers with high diagnostic as well as prognostic power. In coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), miRNAs have been suggested as reliable biomarkers matching up to established protein-based such as cardiac troponins (cT) or natriuretic peptides. Also, in other CVD entities, miRNAs were identified as surprisingly specific biomarkers -with great potential for clinical applicability, especially in those entities that lack specific protein-based biomarkers such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE). In this regard, miRNA signatures, comprising a set of miRNAs, yield high sensitivity and specificity. Attempts to utilize miRNAs as therapeutic agents have led to promising results. In this article, we review the clinical applicability of circulating miRNAs in CVD. We are giving an overview of miRNAs as biomarkers in numerous CVD entities to depict the variety of their potential clinical deployment. We illustrate the function of miRNAs by means of single miRNA examples in CVD.

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“…16 Liu et al identified that downregulation of miR-150 in plasma was significantly associated with AF. 17 The downregulation of miR-150 in patients with AF was also reported by other studies 19, 20 and still other studies have separately reported changes in the expression of miR-21, miR-29, and miR-328 in AF patients. 18,19,21 A recent study showed that the plasma miR-409-3p and miR-432 levels were reduced in association with AF, and these expression levels were restored after successful catheter ablation.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 49%