Relation of whole blood sugar concentrations in vertebrates to standard metabolic rate

Umminger, Bruce L.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(77)90267-5

Cited by 81 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As previously noted for urea, higher overall growth rates in females during the late nestling period could lead to lower glucose levels, given that they present greater energy demands during the late growth stage, and might channel glucose reserves into tissue formation . However, glucose plasma levels have shown to be highly variable because glucose is used as a rapid and immediate energy source, and depends on metabolic rate, body size, and food intake (Umminger 1977;García-Rodríguez et al 1987b). In addition, the increase in glucose level with age observed for Osprey nestlings might be a consequence of increases in metabolic rate and weight, as already noted for several species (e.g., González and Hiraldo 1991;Ferrer and Dobado-Berrios 1998;Villegas et al 2002;Juráni et al 2004).…”

Section: Effect Of Sex and Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting plasma biochemistry parameters and physical condition of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nestlings

Muriel

Schmidt²,

Calabuig

et al. 2013

J Ornithol

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We assessed the normal values for 15 blood plasma biochemistry parameters and three indices of body condition (IBCs) in free-living Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nestlings in Brandenburg (Germany). Values were compared with those of other raptors, and possible sexual and age-related differences were examined. In addition, we looked for possible relationships of habitat quality (measured in terms of foraging conditions and human disturbances) to nestling nutritional condition and productivity. Female nestlings showed higher mean urea levels and lower glucose values than males, which could be related to higher growth rates and nutrient demand of females at the end of the nestling period. Seven parameters also showed variation with age, probably relating to increasing body mass, metabolic rates, and physical activity during the pre-fledging stage. Conversely, the IBCs showed poor correlations with selected nutritional parameters, probably due to the homogeneously acceptable nutritional conditions of the nestlings. Finally, we found that Ospreys did not seem to adjust initial parental investment in relation to habitat quality, since productivity was not affected by habitat indicators. However, in large broods, but not in small ones, nestling nutritional condition improved as foraging conditions improved. These results suggest that females that are in better physical condition seem to produce more and better nourished nestlings in better foraging conditions. Wir beurteilten Normalwerte für 15 biochemische Blutplasma-Parameter und drei Indizes für die Körperkondition (Indices of Body Condition-IBCs) bei freilebenden nestjungen Fischadlern (Pandion haliaetus) in Brandenburg (Deutschland). Die Werte wurden mit denen anderer Greifvogelarten verglichen und mögliche geschlechts-und altersabhängige Unterschiede wurden untersucht. Zusätz-lich haben wir denkbare Zusammenhänge zwischen der Habitatqualität-gemessen anhand der Lage von Gebieten der Nahrungssuche und anhand menschlicher Störung-und dem Ernährungszustand der Nestlinge sowie der Reproduktion untersucht. Weibliche Nestlinge zeigten höhere Harnstoff-Durchschnittswerte und geringere GlukoseWerte als männliche, was mit einer höheren Wachstumsrate und einem höheren Nährstoffbedarf bei den jungen Weibchen gegen Ende der Nestlingsperiode zusammenhängen kann. Sieben Parameter zeigten Veränderungen abhängig vom Alter, wahrscheinlich im Zusammenhang mit der zunehmenden Körpermasse, mit dem höheren Metabolismus und mit der steigenden körperlichen Aktivität während der

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Section: Effect Of Sex and Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting plasma biochemistry parameters and physical condition of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nestlings

Muriel

Schmidt²,

Calabuig

et al. 2013

J Ornithol

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“…Normal resting levels of blood glucose are lower in amphibians than in any other vertebrates when measurements are made under comparable conditions, including temperatures (Umminger, 1977). Metabolism is presumably not dependent upon closely regulated blood glucose levels (Copeland and deRoos, 1971) and metabolic rate may be independent of blood glucose levels in amphibians (Umminger, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of adrenalin and glucagon effects on carbohydrate levels of larval and adult Rana pipiens

Farrar

Frye

1979

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Hyperglycemia was observed in frogs after single ip injections of doses above 50 &kg of adrenalin and glucagon. Blood glucose responses were maximal at 3 hr and lasted at least 5 hr. Lactacidemia was apparent after treatment with adrenalin at doses of 50 &kg and above. The increase in lactate was apparent by 1 hr and had dropped to control levels by 5 hr. Tissue giycogen loss was not observed after treatment with either hormone in adults. Preliminary studies with tadpoles indicated a hyperglycemic response to adrenalin and glucagon at doses of 1.0 mgikg and an increase in lactate after injection of a 1 .O mg/kg dose of adrenalin. Liver glycogen loss was observed following glucagon but not adrenalin. Both hormones stimulated glucose release from liver slices of frogs and tadpoles.

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“…Carbohydrates are the primary as well as an immediate energy source [35]. A decline in the carbohydrate levels of gill, muscle, and liver of Oreochromis mossambicus treated with zinc oxide nanoparticles was observed [36], the decrease in the level of carbohydrates may be due to more of utilization towards the energy requirement during stress condition [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicology of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Fresh Water Fish Mystus Gulio

Abirami

Jose

Govindarajulu

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Nanotechnology an advanced tool to synthesis atomic level particles. Increased application of silver nanoparticles results in the bioaccumulation of these particles in the environment. The biological effect of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles on the fresh water cat fish ws studied in the present study.Methods: Asystasia gangetica leaf extract was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles, the particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Fifteen days after the introduction of fishes into the medium containing AgNPs, the fishes were sacrificed and the tissues were processed for biochemical and histological studies. Na + -K + Results:The results observed in the present study reveals a marked difference in the level of carbohydrate in the muscle tissue from 48.338±0.320 to 22.747±1.837 µg/100 mg wet tissue followed by gills and liver with 41.21% and 25.48% decrease. Total protein content was decreased from 649.094±1.429 to 491.56±0.925 µg/mg wet tissues. The drastic increase in the total lipids was observed in liver tissue of treated fishes from 0.240±0.004 to 0.408±0.005 mg/gm wet tissue. Na -ATPase was estimated using LeBel method. Estimation of carbohydrate was done by the Phenol-sulphuric acid method. Total protein was estimated using Lowry's method, Sulpho-Vanilline method was used to estimate the total lipids. + -K + Conclusion:The plant-mediated synthesized AgNPs shows a potential toxic effect on all the tissues studied; changes were observed in the normal architecture of tissues as well as in the biochemical parameters. To understand the mechanism of toxicity of these particles further studies at the molecular level has to be carried out.-ATPase activity of liver tissue increased from 0.153±0.001 to 0.225±0.003 in the liver tissue of treated fishes, followed by muscles and gills with 33.61% and 35% of the increase in the activity. Marked changes in the structure of gills with degenerated primary gill lamellae, necrosis, hyperplasia and fused primary lamellae were evident in experimental group. Necrosis, vacuolization, disintegrated nucleus and blood sinusoids were observed in liver tissues. Disintegration of myofibrils was evident in AgNP treated group of fishes.

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Relation of whole blood sugar concentrations in vertebrates to standard metabolic rate

Cited by 81 publications

References 23 publications

Factors affecting plasma biochemistry parameters and physical condition of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nestlings

Factors affecting plasma biochemistry parameters and physical condition of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nestlings

A comparison of adrenalin and glucagon effects on carbohydrate levels of larval and adult Rana pipiens

Ecotoxicology of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Fresh Water Fish Mystus Gulio

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