Relations between mycorrhizas and fruitbodies of mycorrhizal fungi in Douglas fir plantations in The Netherlands

Jansen, A.E.; Nie, H. W. De

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1988.tb02133.x

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some authors (Jansen & de Nie, 1988 ;Termorshuizen & Schaffers, 1989 ;Jansen, 1991) observed a quantitative relationship between the total number of ECM fungal fruit bodies and the number of ectomycorrhizas in different conifer stands in The Netherlands. However, the response of below-ground fungal components to increased N availability cannot necessarily be deduced from fruit-body data, because there is growing evidence that above-ground fruit-body surveys do not accurately depict the qualitative structures of the below-ground ECM communities (Dahlberg & Stenlid, 1995 ;Taylor, 1995 ;Gardes & Bruns, 1996 ;Dahlberg, Jonsson & Nylund, 1997).…”

Section: Effects Of Varied N Treatments On Ectomycorrhizas In Plantatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and ectomycorrhizas

1998

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As a result of increasing anthropogenic nitrogen deposition, N availability in many forest ecosystems, which are normally N-limited, has been enhanced. We discuss the impacts of this increased N availability on the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis which is generally regarded as an adaptation to nutrient limited conditions. Nitrogen deposition can influence fruit-body formation by ECM fungi, the production and distribution of the extraradical mycelium in the soil and the formation of ectomycorrhizas.Available data from long-term N deposition studies indicate that the most prominent effects might be discernible above-ground (i.e. on the formation of fruit bodies). ' Generalist ' species, forming a symbiosis with a wide range of tree species, seem to be less affected by increased N availability than ' specialist ' species, especially those living in symbiosis with conifers. However, the importance of below-ground investigations to determine the impacts of N deposition on the ECM symbiosis must not be underestimated. Culture experiments show an optimum N concentration for the formation of extraradical mycelium and mycorrhizas. Often, negative effects only become visible at comparatively high N concentrations, but the use of a few easily cultivated species of ECM fungi, which are adapted to higher N concentrations, undermines our ability to generalize.So far, N deposition experiments in the field have only shown minor changes in the below-ground mycorrhizal population, as estimated from the investigation of mycorrhizal root tips. However, effects on the ECM mycelium, which is the main fungal component in terms of nutrient uptake, cannot be excluded and need further consideration.Because the photoassimilate supply from the plant to the fungal partner is crucial for the maintenance of the ECM symbiosis, we discuss the possible physiological implications of increasing N inputs on the allocation of C to the fungus. Together with ultrastructural changes, physiological effects might precede obvious visible changes and might therefore be useful early indicators of negative impacts of increasing N inputs on the ECM symbiosis.

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Section: Effects Of Varied N Treatments On Ectomycorrhizas In Plantatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deposition and ectomycorrhizas

1998

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“…Such genets may not fruit because of genetic sterility or low mycorrhizal colonization (Lamhamedi et al 1994;Selosse et al 1998b). The scarcity of Laccaria fruit bodies in mature plantations of Douglas fir, probably because of canopy closure (Jansen and de Nie 1988), is a further hindrance to Laccaria population assessment by basidiocarp surveys. Thus, molecular markers are necessary for detecting potential progeny of S238N on roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SCAR markers to detect mycorrhizas of an American Laccaria bicolor strain inoculated in European Douglas-fir plantations

et al. 2002

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The American strain S238N of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton has been used to inoculate Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mir.) Franco] plantations in France over the last two decades. Laccaria fruit bodies are scarce in mature plantations, which precludes further assessment of its persistence by fruit body surveys. Our objective was to develop new markers to identify this strain and its eventual non-fruiting progeny on root tips. We converted nine random amplified polymorphic DNA markers into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Two of these SCAR markers enabled us to detect S238N on roots of seedlings and mature trees. No amplification of non-fungal (host plant, bacterial, etc.) DNA was observed. Moreover, both SCARs were amplified from Laccaria-like mycorrhizas in a Douglas-fir plantation inoculated 14 years ago, demonstrating the long-term persistence of the inoculant strain. We also obtained a SCAR marker to detect one strain of European origin (L. bicolor 81306), indicating that SCARs are potential markers to type the naturally occurring genets. Thus, SCAR markers are of great value in studying the persistence of inoculant strains and the effects on local populations of introducing foreign strains.

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“…Arno Ids ( 1981) and Jansen (1981) did research on the mycoecology and mycosociology of heaths and oak forests in the Netherlands . Later, Jansen & De Nie (1988) investigated the relationship between mycorrhizae and the fruit bodies of fungi in plantations of Douglas fir. In North America, the yields of mycorrhizal and saprophytic fungi in coniferous forests have been studied by several researchers, such as Vogt et al (1980Vogt et al ( , 1981, Bills et al (1986), and Villeneuve et al (1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The composition and structure of macrofungus communities in boreal upland type forests and peatlands in North Karelia, Finland

Salo¹

1993

Karstenia

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The composition and structure of communities in boreal upland type peatlands in North Karelia, Finland KAUKO SALOContents SALO, K. 1993: The composition and structure of macrofungus communities in boreal upland type forests and peatlands in North Karelia, As part of the 7th Finnish National Forest Inventory (7NFI), a network of permanent sample plots was established in North Karelia, Finland in 1980. All basidiocarps of macrofungi on each sample plot, 100 sq.m in size, were collected, counted, weighed and identified in [1981][1982][1983][1984]. The sample plots represent nutrient-poor mineral soil and peatland site types with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) (sometimes with downy birch, Betula pubescens, on mesic mineral soils and mires) as the dominant tree species. The mires include virgin, recently drained, transitional and old peatland drainage sites. The commercial forests have undergone intensive logging (clear felling and thinning) in the past few years, and some mires have been ditched and fertilized .Altogether 316 species of fungi were determined: 232 species of macrofungi (Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales) representing 61 genera, 73.4% of all mycoflora; 49 species, representing 34 genera, of Aphyllophorales (15.5 %); and other fungi incl. Ascomycotina, 35 species (11. I%), representing 26 genera. The richest genera among the macrofungus species were Cortinarius (27 species), Mycena (19),Russula (16), Lactarius (15), Tricholoma (10), Hygrophorus (9) and Collybia (9). The 316 species of fungi that were identified were classified into three main ecological groups: mycorrhizal species according to their host tree species; saprophytic species (eight fertility groups according to what they usually acted upon); and parasites. Mesic forest site types had more versatile composition of mycorrhizal and saprophytic macrofungus species than did dryish and dry forest site types. Mycorrhizal macrofungus species accounted for more than 40% of all macrofungi in mineral soil forest and peatland site types. Drained peatland site types (especially pine bogs) had more macrofungus species than did virgin mires. TWINSPAN classification and DCA ordination were suitable in analysing the data on the macrofungi. The diversity of the macrofungi in mineral soil forest and peatland site types is discussed.

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Relations between mycorrhizas and fruitbodies of mycorrhizal fungi in Douglas fir plantations in The Netherlands

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

Nitrogen deposition and ectomycorrhizas

Nitrogen deposition and ectomycorrhizas

SCAR markers to detect mycorrhizas of an American Laccaria bicolor strain inoculated in European Douglas-fir plantations

The composition and structure of macrofungus communities in boreal upland type forests and peatlands in North Karelia, Finland

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