Relations between physical parameters and kinetics of photo‐induced radical polymerization in polymer binders: Radical polymerization of acrylamide

Abstract

The photo-induced radical polymerization of acrylamide has been investigated in combinations of two polymers containing carboxy groups. The kinetic parameters of this polymerization, measured with a calorimetric method, depend on the proportion of the two polymers in the system. In mixtures with the lowest glass transition temperature, the polymerization rates are the highest. These transition temperatures have been determined with a special fluorescence technique using crystal violet as probe. Presumably, the effects measured in the systems are based on the strong polar interactions between the carboxy groups of both polymers. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG:Die photoinduzierte radikalische Polymerisation von Acrylamid in Kombinationen von zwei Polymeren, die Carbonsauregruppen enthalten, wurde untersucht. Die kinetischen Parameter dieser Polymerisation, gemessen mit Hilfe einer kalorimetrischen Methode, hangen vom Mischungsverhaltnis der beiden Polymeren im System ab. In Gemischen mit der niedrigsten Glastibergangstemperatur ist die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit am hochsten. Diese Ubergangstemperaturen wurden mit Hilfe einer speziellen Fluoreszenztechnik unter Benutzung von Kristallviolett bestimmt. Die gemessenen Effekte werden wahrscheinlich durch die stark polaren Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Carboxygruppen der beiden Polymeren verursacht. SMBuHa CMS Experimental partMaterials a-Isopropoxydeoxybenzoin (BIPE) was synthesized using a known procedure4. Acrylamide (p, a.) (Fluka) and crystal violet (Merck) are pure commercial substances. The binders employed (CMS, M, = 550 g/mol; SMBuHa, M, = 100OOO g/mol) are also commercial substances (Buna AG/Filmfabrik Wolfen AG) and were used without further purification.

Conceptualizing divine trust

“…Like classical theists, neo-classical theists still aim 'to give an account of the divine nature that preserve the central elements of perfect being theology'. 23 Granted, each are driven by different theological and philosophical intuitions about divine perfection. 24 Nevertheless, neoclassical models of God are in some nearby taxonomic space to that of classical models.…”

Atmospheric Photopolymerization of Acrylamide Enabled by Aqueous Glycerol Mixtures: Characterization and Application for Surface‐Based Microfluidics

“…Radical chain reactions are delayed or might even be terminated in the presence of oxygen due to the formation of oxygen radicals . Casting of PA gels as used for protein electrophoresis is thus usually carried out in sealed cavities, vessels, or capillaries to prevent oxygen from diffusing into the solution which will be especially critical in microdevices with dimensions of just a few tens of micrometers (oxygen diffusion coefficient in water: 2.2 × 10 5 cm 2 s −1 ) .…”

The Effect of Monomer Aggregation in the Photopolymerization of Styrenesulfonate

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] It seems to be desirable to establish a general mechanism involving all the reactions of the singlet and triplet states of the photoinitiators to be able to predict the influence of substituents and solvents, similarly to what has been done for the photoinitiation of vinyl polymerization by dyes in the presence of amines. [11][12][13][14] Normally, these polymers are obtained by sulfonation in extreme conditions of the noncharged polymer polystyrene. 15 The thermal polymerization of styrenesulfonate (SS) was studied Kurenkov et al 16 Recently, Bhardbaj et al 17 studied the radiation-induced polymerization of SS in the steady state and by pulse radiolysis.…”