Relations between sweating, cutaneous blood flow, and body temperature in work

Robinson, Sarah; Meyer, F. R.; Newton, Jerry; Tsao, C.-H.; Holgersen, Leif O.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1965.20.4.575

Cited by 62 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…That this potentiation occurred despite unaltered core and skin temperature responses supports the common notion that during exercise sweat secretion is to a large extent governed by factors other than afferent input from skin and core temperature sensors (Robinson et al 1965). That increased overall heat production contributed to the potentiated sweating response cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Human temperature regulation during cycling with moderate leg ischaemia

et al. 2005

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The effect of graded ischaemia in the legs on the regulation of body temperature during steady-state exercise was investigated in seven healthy males. It was hypothesised that graded ischaemia in the working muscles increases heat storage within the muscles, which in turn potentiates sweat secretion during exercise. Blood perfusion in the working muscles was reduced by applying a supra-atmospheric pressure (+6.6 kPa) around the legs, which reduced maximal working capacity by 29%. Each subject conducted three separate test trials comprising 30 min of steady-state cycling in a supine position. Exercise with unrestricted blood flow (Control trial) was compared to ischaemic exercise conducted at an identical relative work rate (Relative trial), as well as at an identical absolute work rate (Absolute trial); the latter corresponding to a 20% increase in relative workload. The average (SD) increases in both the rectal and oesophageal temperatures during steady-state cycling was 0.3 (0.2) degrees C and did not significantly differ between the three trials. The increase in muscle temperature was similar in the Control (2.7 (0.3) degrees C) and Absolute (2.4 (0.7) degrees C) trials, but was substantially lower (P < 0.01) in the Relative trial (1.4 (0.8) degrees C). Ischaemia potentiated (P < 0.01) sweating on the forehead in the Absolute trial (24.2 (7.3) g m(-2) min(-1)) compared to the Control trial (13.4 (6.2) g m(-2) min(-1)), concomitant with an attenuated (P < 0.05) vasodilatation in the skin during exercise. It is concluded that graded ischaemia in working muscles potentiates the exercise sweating response and attenuates vasodilatation in the skin initiated by increased core temperature, effects which may be attributed to an augmented muscle metaboreflex.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Human temperature regulation during cycling with moderate leg ischaemia

et al. 2005

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“…Nielsen (1969) explained that hypothetical ''work factors'' have been introduced into many control models to explain the regulation of sweating. These work factors may be thermal, e.g., muscle or venous temperature (Gisolfi and Robinson 1970;Robinson et al 1965;Saltin et al 1968), or non-thermal, e.g., neuromuscular factors Bullard 1963, 1966). Moreover, under a non-steadystate condition (e.g., an increasing core temperature), exercise lowers the sweating threshold (Tam et al 1978;Timbal et al 1978) and affects the sensitivity (Kondo et al 1986;Tam et al 1978;Timbal et al 1978).…”

Section: Sweating Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat produced during exercise may activate thermal detectors in either the working muscle or the venous system and thereby influence sweating (Gisolfi and Robinson 1970;Robinson et al 1965). It is not known whether thermal detectors exist in the muscle and/or vein and how these detectors affect heat-loss responses during exercise.…”

Section: Temperature In Exercising Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-thermal modification of heat-loss responses during exercise in humans

et al. 2010

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This review focuses on the characteristics of heat-loss responses during exercise with respect to non-thermal factors. In addition, the effects of physical training on non-thermal heat-loss responses are discussed. When a subject is already sweating the sweating rate increases at the onset of dynamic exercise without changes in core temperature, while cutaneous vascular conductance (skin blood flow) is temporarily decreased. Although exercise per se does not affect the threshold for the onset of sweating, it is possible that an increase in exercise intensity induces a higher sensitivity of the sweating response. Exercise increases the threshold for cutaneous vasodilation, and at higher exercise intensities, the sensitivity of the skin-blood-flow response decreases. Facilitation of the sweating response with increased exercise intensity may be due to central command, peripheral reflexes in the exercising muscle, and mental stimuli, whereas the attenuation of skin-blood-flow responses with decreased cutaneous vasodilation is related to many non-thermal factors. Most non-thermal factors have negative effects on magnitude of cutaneous vasodilation; however, several of these factors have positive effects on the sweating response. Moreover, thermal and non-thermal factors interact in controlling heat-loss responses, with non-thermal factors having a greater impact until core temperature elevations become significant, after which core temperature primarily would control heat loss. Finally, as with thermally induced sweating responses, physical training seems to also affect sweating responses governed by non-thermal factors.

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“…However, the evidence for a relationship between thermoregulatory responses and exercising muscular temperature remains somewhat controversial (Kacin et al 2005;Robinson et al 1965;Jessen et al 1983;Hertel et al 1976), although muscle thermoreceptors have long been postulated as a component in thermoregulatory models (Werner 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between mean body temperature calculated by two- or three-compartment models and active cutaneous vasodilation in humans: a comparison between cool and warm environments during leg exercise

2011

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The aim of this study was to assess whether the three-compartment model of mean body temperature (Tb3) calculated from the esophageal temperature (Tes), temperature in deep tissue of exercising muscle (Tdt), and mean skin temperature (Tsk) has the potential to provide a better match with the thermoregulatory responses than the two-component model of mean body temperature (Tb2) calculated from Tes and Tsk. Seven male subjects performed 40 min of a prolonged cycling exercise at 30% maximal oxygen uptake at 21°C or 31°C (50% relative humidity). Throughout the experiment, Tsk, Tb2, Tb3, and Tdt were significantly (P < 0.01) lower at 21°C than at 31°C temperature conditions, while Tes was similar under both conditions. During exercise, an increase in cutaneous vascular conductance (skin blood flow / mean arterial pressure) over the chest (%CVCc) was observed at both 21°C and 31°C, while no increase was observed at the forearm at 21°C. Furthermore, the Tb3 and Tdt threshold for the onset of the increase in %CVCc was similar, but the Tes and Tb2 threshold differed significantly (P < 0.05) between the conditions tested. These results suggest that active cutaneous vasodilation at the chest is related more closely to Tb3 or Tdt than that measured by Tes or Tb2 calculated by Tes and Tsk during exercise at both 21°C and 31°C.

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Relations between sweating, cutaneous blood flow, and body temperature in work

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Human temperature regulation during cycling with moderate leg ischaemia

Human temperature regulation during cycling with moderate leg ischaemia

Non-thermal modification of heat-loss responses during exercise in humans

Relationship between mean body temperature calculated by two- or three-compartment models and active cutaneous vasodilation in humans: a comparison between cool and warm environments during leg exercise

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