Relations between threshold of arousal and electroencephalographic patterns during sleep in man

Pisano, Marietta; Rosadini, G; Gf, Rossi; Zattoni, J

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(66)90041-2

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Using nonsignificant stimuli, the threshold for a behavioral response is in general highest in REM and in stage 4 sleep, and lower in the lighter stages of NREM sleep (Williams, Hammack, Daly, Dement and Lubin, 1964). But with highly significant stimuli, such as pain or the cry of a mother's baby, the threshold appears to be lowered in REM sleep (Koella, 1968;Pisano, Rosadini, Rossi and Zattoni, 1966;Poitras, Thorkildsen, Gagnon and Naiman, 1973;Williams, Morlock and Morlock, Note 2). This issue, however, needs further clarification.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biorhythmic variations in consciousness and psychological functions.

Broughton¹

1975

Canadian Psychological Review / Psychologie Canadienne

155

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Table 1. Group differences in the incidence of sleep problems HVG LVG x2 ~~~ Wake in early morning 74.4% 90.9% 4.14** (experience) Fatigue on rising 13.3% 50.0% 13.87*** Wake after sleep onset 14.2% 41.9% 5.48" (more than three times) Dissatisfaction of sleep 11.2% 24.4% 2.74' enviromient Most individuals in the HVG took a habitual nap at 14.00-14.30 h. It is thought that the nap of the HVG reflected the circasemidian (2Iday) cycle which was reported by Broughton." The time of nap in LVG was dispersed, and formed two lower peaks, which suggests that individuals in LVG took a nap at different time of day. Most individuals in the HVG preferred to take an appetitive nap, while the individuals in LVG took a replacement nap. These results demonstrate that high volitional aged individuals have well regulated daily lives, with a habit of appetitive napping without insomniac problems. HVG, high volitional group; LVG, low volitional group. *P < 0.10, P < 0.05, ***P < 0.01. Items appeared in the sleep health questionnaire. tt mean wake time. The subjects whose individual mean wake time was shorter than the average were defined as appetitive nappers. O n the other hand, subjects whose individual mean wake time was longer than the average were defined as replacement nappers. The number of appetitive napper was significantly higher in HVG than in LVG (76.2 us 50.0%), and the number of replacement nappers in LVG was higher than those of HVG (23.8 u5 50.0%). DISCUSSION This study revealed that high volitional aged individuals had good sleep. Sleep problems related to volitional level were found to be in the nature of waking in early morning, frequency and duration of intermittent awakening, fatigue at rising and dissatisfaction with the sleeping environment. These results supported the findings of Tanaka et al. Abstract In order to investigate the gender difference of sleep and activity in middle-aged and aged individuals, home-based sleep was self-evaluated for sleep quality and activity for 5 nights in 20 healthy adults (50-76 years old; 11 women, nine men). There was no significant gender difference for subjective sleep quality. However, the activity level and movement index at night were significantly higher in men than in women, and the activity level during the day was significantly lower in men than in women. The objective sleep quality of men was significantly worse than that of women, however, subjective sleep quality does not differ.

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confidence: 99%

Biorhythmic variations in consciousness and psychological functions.

Broughton¹

1975

Canadian Psychological Review / Psychologie Canadienne

155

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“…The subject was considered to be asleep when one of the following sleep patterns was observed (Pisano et al 1964 and.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Akinetic mutism following cranio-cerebral trauma. Physiopathological considerations based on sleep studies

et al. 1968

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“…Although this response occurs spontaneously i.e., in the absence of disruptive external stimuli, it has been largely through the application of external stimuli in studies determining arousal thresholds from sleep that this process has been examined. These studies have considered varying degrees of arousal, ranging from subawakening variations in physiologic measures to indices of more complete arousal, such as specific behavioral responses indicating stimulus awareness (2,16,22,27), and have established the relevance of several stimulus (modality, intensity, and significance) and state (sleep stage and time of night) variables to the awakening process (18,24,26,39,40,41). In man, these studies have been carried out almost exclusively in adults, and those which have involved children (20,31,33) have not assessed the stimulus parameters required to elicit a behavioral response.…”

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confidence: 99%