“…The majority of parental attitude models stress their multidimensionality, which means that the frequency/intensity of behaviours associated with a given attitude determine its developmental, supportive, or detrimental character (Plopa, 2008;Ziemska, 2009). Whereas positive attitudes, such as acceptance or autonomy, are associated with the optimal development of children (Spera, 2005;Raboteg-Saric & Sakic, 2014), negative attitudes are often said to be risk factors for the occurrence of psychiatric disorders among children and youths (Young, Lennie, & Minnis, 2011;Witkowska, 2013;Liberska & Matuszewska, 2014;Tani, Ponti, & Smorti, 2014). Also in this context gender is said to be an important differentiating factor.…”