Relationship among the Meridians, Sinew Channels and Integrative Five Fluid Circulation System

冯, 戬云

doi:10.12677/tcm.2018.71013

Cited by 4 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The action of acupuncture is therefore similar but more specific, due to the special arrangement of the anatomical structure and settings of the routes of the meridians (see sections (2.1)-(2.17) of [15] for details).…”

Section: Mechanotransduction Through the Largest Organ Of The Body Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medicine to treat exertion compartment syndrome, we have proposed that the twelve (hand and foot) Meridians are surrounded by groups of muscles separated by harder connective tissue layers. The muscle units are joined to the associated bones by tendons, and the bones are connected by ligaments, so that the bone-tendon-ligament-muscle system can form a pulley system [15]. Since such a pulley system is enclosed by stiff connective tissue layers, the interstitial fluid is required by nature to be flowing at the right speed at different regions of the body, so that metabolic debris can be drained by the lymphatic vessels (for details see [5]).…”

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Western Medicine, the "T2 signals" of MRI examination will reflect such a state and immediate surgical operation to release the fluid is needed for survival. There is a clear objective connection between non-herbal TCM and modern Western Medicine, on the pathology as explained in [5] [15]. The Sinew Channel in general has been known in TCM to embrace the Meridian of the same name; whereas the Meridian cannot be found in surgery operation, the Siew Channel is well defined in anatomy.…”

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sinew Channel in general has been known in TCM to embrace the Meridian of the same name; whereas the Meridian cannot be found in surgery operation, the Siew Channel is well defined in anatomy. We have explained partly the function of the Sinew Channel in general locomotion only, without specification to the associated Meridian in the analysis of [15]. We proposed that groups of such pulley systems form various Sinew Channels.…”

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Novel Apprehension of the Primary Lung Meridian, Sinew Channel, Divergent Channel, Luo-Connecting Channel Acting as a Single Unit System to Serve Respiration Function Based on Modern Neurophysiology and Kinesiology

Fung¹,

Kong²

2020

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The TCM philosophy of a meridian and associated channels pertains to the specific function of one or more organs. We define the Lung Primary Meridian (LUM) together with the Lung Sinew (LUSC), Divergent (LUDC), Luo-connecting (LULCC) Channels as a system of routes plus some parts of the body (such as muscles) to fulfil respiration, as a main function under different situations. There is very limited information about the Lung associated channels in classical literature of TCM. With a clear focus on the function of respiration, we have carried out a detailed analysis of the biomedical consequence of stimulating the LUM, analysed the roles played by LUSC, LUDC, and LULCC. The updated LUM and LUDC include acupoints of other meridians, serving the same purpose of performing satisfactory respiration starting from checking the quality of the inflow through the nose. The LUSC includes the respiratory muscles (plus the associated connective tissues) extending to various parts of the body. The muscles of the limb (as part of the LUSC) embrace the nerves that provide routes for somatosensory reflexes and play the role of locomotion, providing voluntary respiration via the pectoralis muscles. The muscles of LUSC are bounded by stiff connective tissue layers, forming compartments, and are part of the pulley system for various body locomotions. Within a compartment, the interstitial fluid, blood, lymph flows must be potent to protect the associated nerves related to LUM; the healthy state of the LUSC also provides freedom of various types of locomotion. The LULCC exists because the vagus nerve has a part of it passing through the spinal cords all the way down to the sacrum domain, with

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Section: Mechanotransduction Through the Largest Organ Of The Body Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Partial Explanation Of the Functions Of The Lung Sinew Channmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Novel Apprehension of the Primary Lung Meridian, Sinew Channel, Divergent Channel, Luo-Connecting Channel Acting as a Single Unit System to Serve Respiration Function Based on Modern Neurophysiology and Kinesiology

Fung¹,

Kong²

2020

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“…Each of these pulley systems is "protected" by sophisticated collagenous connective layers, which are stiffer than the common connective tissues (such as that in the skin). Readers are referred to Fig.2, 3, 4 of [197] for details in some anatomy structures. During the development of the exertion compartment syndrome, the IF pressure in the compartment concerned highly increases, resulting in the augmentation of lyses of the muscle cells (which have been overused).…”

Section: Pathological States Of Inflammation Often Manifest As Edema mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifestation of Pathological States of Numerous Diseases in the Largest Organ of the Human Body: (I) Basics and the Diseases of Tendon

Fung¹,

Kong²

2019

IJCM

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We analyze the crucial biochemical and biophysical properties of the basic constituents-connective tissues (CT), and interstitial fluid (IF) constituting the non-cellular part of the fascia. We provide ample evidence that the resident cells and cells in transit in the fascia are continuously interacting with the non-cellular constituents to form an active organ with well-defined functions. We show evidence that pathological states of diseases of internal organs, as well as that of the constituents of the fascia itself, manifest in certain CTIF domains of the fascia. Numerous diseases originate from imbalance of the digestion and synthesis of the native collagen triple helices. Review on the scanning electron microscopy examination of cross-section of tendons indicates that micro-fibrils of collagen I form regular geometrical structures, supporting the hypothesis that the collagen fibrils assemble like liquid crystals. Information on the age of Achilles tendons has been reported, based on dating of the 14 C atoms generated from the nuclear bomb tests in 1955-1963. The causes of spontaneous tendon rupture and tendinopathy are analyzed. Plausible clinical measures to treat tendinopathy are briefly discussed, including the application of synthetic mechano-growth factor, glyceryl trinitrate patch (to supply nitric oxide), platelet rich plasma, proteomic profile analysis and microRNA 29a therapy.

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New Insights on Stimulating the Lung Meridian Based on Modern Neurophysiology

Fung¹,

Kong²

2018

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) caused 3.2 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [1]. Therapeutic treatments, including acupuncture & herbal medicine have been applied to handle this disease with certain efficacies in the domain of traditional Chinese Medicine. However, very few analyses on the mechanisms behind the efficacies can be found in literature. Without understanding the basic mechanisms behind any medical treatment is the bottle-neck to advancement of possibly effective therapy of any kind. Based on this argument, we start off a series of studies on the neurophysiological consequence of acupuncture/acupressure applied to the Lung Meridian. We explain how the sensory signals (by sympathetic nerves) follow the spinothalamic tracts to the thalamus and then to the primary sensory cortex. The neurons of these ascending tracts synapse the motor neurons which activate some of the different organs of the respiratory system-diaphragm, nose, larynx, scalene muscles, trachea, lungs, intercostal and supporting abdominal muscles. The sensory signals at the neo-cortex are then passed on to the motor neurons in the primary motor cortex. The activated neurons project mainly along two descending tracts: anterior and lateral corticospinal tracts. Neurons of these tracts project to activate again some of the respiratory organs, plus the motors neurons related to the digestive system, including the large intestine. On the other hand, an intrinsic, automatic breathing system in the brainstem sends rhythmic signals through the bulbospinal tract system, which contains a special type of neurons-the pre-sympathetic neurons. These neurons, via interneuron relay, synapse motor neurons which mobilize the organs of the respiratory organs to function. Since the "Lung Meridian induced" signals and the intrinsic signals are sent by different types of neurons, we propose that stimulating the Lung Meridian might activate/supplement the action of the intrinsic system during some pathological states. Though the initial suggestion

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Relationship among the Meridians, Sinew Channels and Integrative Five Fluid Circulation System

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

A Novel Apprehension of the Primary Lung Meridian, Sinew Channel, Divergent Channel, Luo-Connecting Channel Acting as a Single Unit System to Serve Respiration Function Based on Modern Neurophysiology and Kinesiology

A Novel Apprehension of the Primary Lung Meridian, Sinew Channel, Divergent Channel, Luo-Connecting Channel Acting as a Single Unit System to Serve Respiration Function Based on Modern Neurophysiology and Kinesiology

Manifestation of Pathological States of Numerous Diseases in the Largest Organ of the Human Body: (I) Basics and the Diseases of Tendon

New Insights on Stimulating the Lung Meridian Based on Modern Neurophysiology

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