Relationship analysis based on phytochemical contents among coffee pulp from three coffee species collected in Southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Maxiselly Y, Maulana H, Chumthong A, Chiarawipa R. 2023. Relationship analysis based on phytochemical contents among coffee pulp from three coffee species collected in Southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5439-5445. Coffee pulp is part of the coffee cherry, except for the seed, and has many benefits for human health. The research aimed to analyze phytochemical contents and the relationship among the coffee pulp of three coffee species: Coffea arabica (Arabica), Coffea canephora (Robusta), and Coffea liberica (Liberica), collected in southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia. The coffee pulp of Arabica from Indonesia dominated in three variables: antioxidant activity (67.37±11.83 mg/100g DW), tannin (40.71 ±3.52 mg/100g DW), and phenolic (50.47±5.43 mg/100g DW). Robusta coffee pulp from Thailand contained a lower value of all phytochemical components. However, the coffee pulp of Liberica from Thailand had the highest value for flavonoid content (18.19±0.95 mg/100g DW) and saponin content (0.77±0.09 g/100g DW) among the three species in both countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also supports the result, which shows connectivity among antioxidant activity, tannin, and phenolic to Arabica from Indonesia, with flavonoid and saponin to Liberica from Thailand. These results indicate both the species and the environment influenced the phytochemical compositions of coffee pulp. Thus, Indonesia may benefit from developing more Arabica and Robusta coffee pulp products, while Thailand may benefit from creating the Liberica coffee pulp product.

Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemical Compounds and Antihyperglycemic Potential of Robusta Coffee from West Lampung

“…The amount of flavonoids in robusta coffee varies, with a value of 7.98 mgQE/g (robusta coffee from Situbondo, East Java) (Ngibad et al 2023), the crude methanolic extract of robusta coffee from Karnataka, India had an amount of flavonoids 76.04±0.23 mgQE/g (Mahajan and Kapoor 2018), the robusta coffee extract from West Lampung had total flavonoid with a value of 127.33±3.79 mg QE/g extract, and total alkaloid 356.90±41.51 mg caffeine equivalent/g extract (Suryanti et al 2023). In other hand, Robusta coffee pulp from Jambi, Indonesia had total flavonoid content (TFC) 6.38±0.45 mg catechin equivalent/100gDW, total tannin content (TTC) 10.45±0.77 mg tannic acid equivalent/100 gDW, and total saponin content (TSC) 0.50±0.02 g vanillin equivalent/100 gDW (Maxiselly et al 2023). Caffeine acts as a mild psychoactive stimulant drug.…”

Morphological trait variation of the immature liberica coffee (Coffea liberica) from West Java applied difference of coffee husk compost and biofertilizer

“…Specifically, according to the Indonesian Bureau of Statistics, it is one of the crucial contributors to foreign exchange for that country (BPS 2020). Coffee development depends on several factors, including the species, environment, and agricultural techniques (Maxiselly et al 2023).…”