Relationship between Acoustic Firmness and Magness Taylor Firmness in Royal Gala and Golden Smoothee Apples

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate apple firmness measured using both the penetrometer and acoustic methods. The methodologies were applied to Royal Gaya and Golden Smoothee apples (Malus domestica. Borkh) harvested from 12 different orchards in Catalonia (Spain), on six different dates, and over three seasons. The relationship between firmness and physicochemical quality parameters was analyzed at harvest and post-harvest. The results obtained showed a noticeable correlation between Magness Taylor firmness and acoustic measurements in Royal Gala, but no correlation was found for Golden Smoothee. Fruit variety and storage had a clear influence on correlations between the two measurements. Measurements of Magnes Taylor and acoustic firmness seemed to correspond to different physical properties. Acoustic measurements seemed to be a good tool for evaluating changes in tissue firmness during long-term storage, especially for Golden Smoothee apples. The maturity of the fruit seemed to play a more important role in the measurement of Magnes Taylor firmness than in the measurement of acoustic firmness for the Royal Gaya variety.

Nondestructive Measurement of Texture of Three Pear Varieties and Variety Discrimination by the Laser Doppler Vibrometer Method

“…Correlations between EI i and MF were affected by the fruit variety in our study, and similar results were found by Shmulevich et al (2003) and Molina-Delgado et al (2009). This was because Magness-Taylor firmness and acoustic firmness reflected different aspects of fruit texture.…”

Correlation of Sensory Analysis with Physical Textural Data from a Computerized Penetrometer in the Washington State University Apple Breeding Program

“…C rispness is one of the most important sensory attributes required by consumers in an apple (Daillant-Spinnler et al, 1996). The majority of routine texture measures in apple use either a manual or constant rate Magness-Taylor-type penetrometer (Magness and Taylor, 1925;Molina-Delgado et al, 2009) or a non-destructive acoustic resonance technology (De Baerdemaeker, 1988).…”

The use of a laser Doppler vibrometer to assess watermelon firmness

“…Other researchers have also observed similar weak correlations (Armstrong et al, 1990;Molto et al, 1998;Shmulevich et al, 2003;Molina-Delgado et al, 2009). They concluded that the reasons for the weak correlations might be because the F max (Magness-Taylor firmness) and the vibration parameters seemed to respond to different physical properties and the variety seemed to influence the correlation coefficient.…”

“…Firmness provides information about the maturity, quality, shelf life and likelihood of possible physiological disorders (Galili et al, 1998;Molina-Delgado et al, 2009), which is very important for the grower, packer and retailer during the picking, grading, transporting, storing and distributing operations (Armstrong et al, 1990;Abbott and Liljedahl, 1994;Mirzaee et al, 2009).…”