Relationship between Age-Associated Changes of Gait and Falls and Life-Space in Elderly People

Shimada, Hiroyuki; Kim, Hunkyung; Yoshida, Hideyo; Suzukawa, Megumi; Makizako, Hyuma; Yoshida, Yuko; Saito, Kyoko; Suzuki, Takao

doi:10.1589/jpts.22.419

Cited by 44 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, Shimada et al . carried out a study with 848 older people for 5 years, and found a strong association between risk of falls and decreased gait speed and fast cadence . However, these studies evaluated falls among older people without taking frailty into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal gait characteristics in pre‐frail community‐dwelling older adults

Freire

Porto

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Identifying pre-frail older people could have significant clinical consequences, as frailty is a dynamic process, and such individuals can therefore progress into a state of frailty or revert to a non-frail state. Therefore, the identification of gait variables in pre-frail older people can be an important tool to recognize gait deficits and to initiate the appropriate treatment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 1102-1108.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal gait characteristics in pre‐frail community‐dwelling older adults

Freire

Porto

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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“…Also, the previous study has shown that the walking energy cost for a comparable speed is generally higher for healthy and mobility, and that diminished pulmonary function is associated with declining physical function [20]. Malatesta et al reported that healthy octogenarians exhibited higher walking cost and greater stride time variability [21] and also reported that these declines in physical performances were apparent at age 80 years and over in women and at age 90 years and over in men [13]. Shimada reported that increased VO 2 in older adults manifests as walking becomes inefficient and reduced endurance capacity occurs [22].…”

Section: Relationship Between Walking Efficiency and Life-space Assesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Murata et al reported that life space was related not only to age or health status but also to environmental or psychosocial factors [12]. Shimada et al's reports confirm that LSA was more strongly associated with gait speed than the other gait variables [13] and also show that these declines in physical performances were apparent at age 80 years and over in women and at age 90 years and over in men [13].…”

Section: Life-space Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Comprehensive Physical Function Assessment in Elderly People

Ito¹

2017

Clinical Physical Therapy

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In elderly people with mobility limitations, abnormalities in posture and gait contribute to the greater decline of physical motor function. The aim of the review article was to determine the comprehensive physical motor function assessment. Muscle function was assessed with the grip strength. Gait function was assessed with walking time tests conducted at a normal pace. Balance function was assessed with one-legged standing time. The 6-min walking distance test (6MD) was performed in a 10-m, straight corridor. Walking efficiency during the 6MD trials was measured using the Cosmed K4b2 (Rome, Italy), an indirect calorimetry system specifically designed to measure energy expenditure in nonlaboratory settings. The center of pressure was recorded using a balance board (Wii; Nintendo Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). A vibratory stimulus was applied alternately to two muscles by fixing two vibrators from the vibration device onto the participant's gastrocnemius and lumbar multifidus muscle. These findings show that an assessment affecting postural control under proprioceptive stimulation might be a good indicator of elderly people. Also, the objective assessment of walking efficiency might be important for identifying the risk of external activity limitation or functional limitations among the late elderly.

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Association Between Visual Field Damage and Gait Dysfunction in Patients With Glaucoma

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCEGait dysfunction is common in older people with visual impairment and is a major cause of falls.OBJECTIVE To compare 3-year longitudinal changes in gait measures across the spectrum of baseline visual field (VF) damage in glaucoma. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA post hoc analysis was designed on September 1, 2018, following a prospective cohort study, which enrolled older adults with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma from September 2013 to March 2015 and followed up for up to 3 years. Baseline VF damage was defined by integrated VF (IVF) sensitivity and categorized as normal/mild (IVF >28 dB), moderate (IVF, 23-28 dB), and severe (IVF, <23 dB). Each participant walked on an electronic walkway back and forth twice at normal pace each study year. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated longitudinal change in gait outcomes (1) stratified within each VF severity category and (2) across the range of IVF sensitivity. Analysis took place from October 2019 to October 2020.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Three-year changes in 7 gait assessments under usual-pace walking, including base support and its coefficient of variation, stride length and its coefficient of variation, stride velocity and its coefficient of variation, and cadence. RESULTSOf 241 participants, the mean (SD) age was 70.8 (7.7) years, 116 (48.2%) were women, and 70 (29.0%) were African American. When comparing longitudinal gait changes over 3 years across the spectrum of IVF sensitivity, each 5-unit (dB) decrement was associated with more rapid declines in stride velocity (−0.05 z score unit/y; 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.01; P = .01) and cadence (−0.07 z score unit/y; 95% CI, −0.10 to −0.03; P < .001). When evaluating gait changes within each glaucoma severity group, shorter stride length was associated with persons with normal/mild (−0.06 z score unit/y; 95% CI, −0.10 to −0.03; P = .001), moderate (−0.08 z score unit/y; 95% CI, −0.12 to −0.04; P < .001), and severe VF damage (−0.16 z score unit/y; 95% CI, −0.24 to −0.07; P < .001), while stride velocity (−0.18 z score unit; 95% CI, −0.28 to −0.07; P = .002) and slower cadence (−0.15 z score unit; 95% CI, −0.25 to −0.04; P = .006) were associated with those with severe VF damage.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE At worse levels of baseline VF damage, patients with glaucoma in this study demonstrated an exacerbated decline in walking speeds (ie, stride velocity and cadence), indicating that mobility speeds decrease faster over time in older adults with glaucoma.

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Relationship between Age-Associated Changes of Gait and Falls and Life-Space in Elderly People

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Spatial and temporal gait characteristics in pre‐frail community‐dwelling older adults

Spatial and temporal gait characteristics in pre‐frail community‐dwelling older adults

Comprehensive Physical Function Assessment in Elderly People

Association Between Visual Field Damage and Gait Dysfunction in Patients With Glaucoma

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