Relationship between anticipatory postural adjustment of the trunk, dual tasks and physical performance with chronic stroke survivors: a pilot test

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between anticipatory postural adjustment (APA), single task, dual tasks and physical performances. The trunk muscles of APA consist of bilateral erector spinae (ES) and bilateral internal oblique (IO) adnominal muscles, during rapid stepping with the affected or unaffected leg in a sitting posture. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In patients with chronic stroke, electrodes of surface electromyography (EMG) were attached on the bilateral erector spinae (ES), bilateral internal oblique adnominal (IO), and bilateral rectus femoris (RF) muscles. RF acts as the prime mover. The stroke patients performed hip flexion until 20 o as fast as possible at each leg in a sitting posture according to a visual cue. The visual cue unexpectedly appeared on monitor in front of the stroke patient. The single task was the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. The dual tasks were the TUGconitive, which increased cognitive capacity, and the TUGmanual task, which had an external focus. Results: All EMG data showed earlier onset latency before the prime mover. In affected leg raising, the onset time of unaffected ES muscle of the stroke patients was correlated with the single and dual tasks (p<0.05). In unaffected leg raising, the onset time of the affected IO muscle was related to all the tasks (p<0.05). Gait speed showed a relationship with the unaffected ES muscle only. Conclusions: The trunk muscles of the bilateral ES and bilateral IO play an important role in APA. The single and dual tasks using TUG test were correlated with the APA s of ES and IO muscles. Dual task by the TUG test is a good measuring tool for reflecting the real life in patients with chronic stroke.

Post-Stroke Functional Changes: In-Depth Analysis of Clinical Tests and Motor-Cognitive Dual-Tasking Using Wearable Sensors

“…The findings were also aligned with those from a study that suggested the prioritization of balance over cognitive tasks [18]. Overall, studies show potential benefits of incorporating DTs with tests that involve motor activities (like walking/turning) because of their similarity to real-world tasks [19][20][21][22].…”

Discriminative validity of the timed up and go test for community ambulation in persons with chronic stroke

“…Similarly to this, in the real community, most of the activities are multi-tasked [25]. In terms of this, to perform the TUG test, lower limb muscle strength, balance, and attention span is needed [10].…”

Effects of ball kicking dual task training on gait performance and balance in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke

“…and because it is difficult to produce movement without these elements, the cognitive process plays an important role in movement control. Studies show that dual-task performance that includes cognitive and gait components improve attention capacity and functional movements in those with neurological impairments [4,38]. However, depending on the environ-ment, if the cognitive process of attention and concentrations are not properly induced, this can lead to reduced gait speeds, indicating an interdependent relationship between cognitive function and gait [34].…”