Relationship between Attention to Body Shape, Social Physique Anxiety, and Personal Characteristics of Brazilians: A Structural Equation Model

Abstract

People can develop eating disorders due to excessive body image concerns. The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between attention to body shape, social physique anxiety, and personal characteristics in a sample of Brazilians. The secondary objective was to evaluate the correlation of the constructs with the participants’ body composition. First, 1795 individuals (70% female; Mage = 25.5 ± 6.6 years) completed the Attention to Body Shape Scale, the Social Physique Anxiety Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Then, 286 participants (58% female; Mage = 25.3 ± 5.7 years) underwent a bioimpedance exam to identify body composition. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the relationship between the variables. The greater the attention to body shape, the greater the expectations of negative physical evaluation and the less comfort with physical presentation. Younger age, female gender, consumption of supplements/substances for body change, restrictive diets, physical inactivity, poor self-assessment of food quality, and overweight/obesity were related to negative body concerns. An expectation of negative physical evaluation was positively correlated with body fat and negatively with muscle mass. Comfort with physical presentation was negatively correlated with fat and positively with muscle. These results can support preventive strategies aimed at reducing eating disorders resulting from body image concerns.

Uso de esteroides anabólicos androgénicos y sus consecuencias psicológicas en mujeres consumidoras: una revisión sistemática.

“…Los estudios fueron realizados entre el año 2014 y 2023. De los cuales, cinco estudios se efectuaron en Noruega (Havnes et al, 2019;Havnes et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2021;Scarth et al, 2020;Vaskinn et al, 2020), uno en Islandia (Gestdóttir et al, 2020), uno en Australia (Piatkowski et al, 2023), un estudio en España (Marti et al, 2017), uno en Finlandia (Vauhkonen et al, 2023) y uno en Brasil (Da Silva et al, 2022).…”

“…La mayoría de los estudios incluyeron tanto a hombres como mujeres (Da Silva et al, 2022;Gestsdóttir et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2019;Martí et al, 2017;Piatkowski et al, 2023;Vaskinn et al, 2020) y solo tres estudios incluyeron exclusivamente a mujeres (Havnes et al, 2021;Scarth et al, 2022;Vauhkonen et al, 2023). Respecto a las edades de los participantes en cada una de los estudios, las muestras incluyen mayores de edad.…”

“…Los instrumentos utilizados en la mayoría de los estudios para determinar el uso, frecuencia y dependencia de EAA, fueron cuestionarios de autoinforme (Da Silva et al, 2022;Gestsdóttir et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2019;Martí et al, 2017;Piatkowski et al, 2023), dos estudios también se apoyaron de la entrevista clínica semiestructurada del DSM-IV (Havnes et al, 2021;Vaskinn et al, 2020), un estudio empleó muestras de orina (Scarth et al, 2022) y uno utilizó expedientes de pacientes en hospitales (Vauhkonen et al, 2023), para medir los trastornos de la personalidad y síndromes existentes utilizaron el Inventario Clínico Multiaxial lll de Millón (MCMI-III) (Havnes et al, 2021;Scarth et al, 2022). Las principales variables evaluadas fueron imagen corporal (Da Silva et al, 2022;Gestdóttir et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2021;Martí et al, 2018), trastornos psicológicos y de la personalidad (Scarth et al, 2022;Vauhkonen et al, 2023), salud mental (Havnes et al, 2019;Havnes et al, 2020), inteligencia, cognición social, comportamiento antisocial (Vaskinn et al, 2020, expectativas relacionadas con el cuerpo (Da Silva et al, 2022), enojo, ansiedad, depresión y autoestima (Gestdóttir et al, 2020), agresión e impulsividad (Piatkowski et al, 2023), cambio emocional (Havnes et al, 2021), y criminalidad (Havnes et al, 2020).…”

“…Los resultados más frecuentes tienen que ver con la insatisfacción corporal, más atención a la forma del cuerpo, características de dismorfia corporal y trastorno somatomorfo (Da Silva et al, 2022;Havnes et al, 2021;Martí et al, 2018;Vauhkonen et al, 2023). Se refieren puntuaciones significativas en factores depresivos y el consumo de medicamentos para dichos síntomas (Gestdóttir et al, 2020;Havnes et al, 2019;Scarth et al, 2022).…”

The Exploration of Prolonged Mask Use on Appearance Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan

“…Echoing Guo and colleagues' (2022) finding, this study observed that the pandemic-induced mask mandate accidentally functioned as a protection and security mechanism for participants who were anxious about their appearance. Moreover, as indicated in some recent studies, citizens' reduced frequency of daily outdoor activities during the epidemic prevented them from maintaining or achieving their ideal weight; these failed attempts at remaining fit in turn aggravated their negative feelings about themselves [59,60]. With their faces covered by the mask, individuals with a higher degree of appearance anxiety are likely to switch their attention to their body as suggested by main theme 4 ("Wearing masks shifts my attention from appearance to figure ").…”