Relationship between BMI and physical performance among older adults

Ferreira, Raiana Souza; Coqueiro, Raildo da Silva; Barbosa, Aline Rodrigues; Pinheiro, Paloma Andrade; Fernandes, Marcos Henrique

doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2013.07.013

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Similar to our findings, Rebecca et al found that higher BMI was associated with poorer TUGT performance in a study of eight UK cohort studies [12]. In contrast with previous reports, Ferreira et al reported that BMI was not associated with the balance test in a study of 355 Brazilian older adults aged ≥ 60 years [11]. Our result is different than that of the study by Ferreira et al; the reason might be the different races [2].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For example, in some studies, older adults with BMI (kg/m 2 ) in the normal (18.5≤ BMI ≤22.9) or overweight range (23.0≤ BMI ≤24.9) had better walking speed than those with BMI in the obese (BMI ≥25.0) or severely obese range (BMI ≥30) [8, 9]. Other research studies have shown that overweight was not related to walking speed or timed up-and-go test (TUGT) performance [10, 11]. The relationship between BMI and grip strength (a marker of muscle strength) is inconsistent in older individuals; some studies have shown that higher BMI was associated with stronger grip strength [12, 13], whereas other results were inconsistent [8, 14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Mass Index Is Associated with Physical Performance in Suburb-Dwelling Older Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study

Shen

Guo

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundPhysical performance is reported to have various beneficial effects on human health, especially in older individuals. Although such effects are associated with body mass index (BMI), the relationship between BMI and physical performance has not been clarified.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 966 suburb-dwelling Tianjin individuals aged ≥ 60 years (average age 67.5±6.02, men 435, women 531). Mobility, balance, and muscle strength were assessed by walking speed, timed up-and-go test (TUGT), and grip strength, respectively. The subjects were categorized into three groups based on BMI (kg/m2) as follows: normal weight, 18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 23.9; overweight, 24.0 ≤ BMI ≤ 27.9; and obese, BMI ≥ 28.0.ResultAfter adjusting for all other variables, relative grip strength decreased when BMI increased in both men and women (P for trend <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). BMI may be negatively associated with TUGT performance in the women only. There was no apparent association between walking speed and BMI in either sex, but after adjusting for age, walking speed was faster when BMI increased in women (P for trend= 0.0162).ConclusionThis study suggests that in older individuals, higher BMI is associated with poor muscle strength in both sexes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Is Associated with Physical Performance in Suburb-Dwelling Older Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study

Shen

Guo

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…Parameters of malnutrition comprised the risk of malnutrition based on the composite score of the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), as well as the individual SNAQ questions on loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss [ 21 ]. In addition, a BMI of <22 kg/m 2 was regarded as parameter of malnutrition [ 22 ]. The SNAQ is a screening tool to detect patients at risk of malnutrition which includes three questions on loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss and the use of sip or tube feeding [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Parameters of Malnutrition and Diagnostic Measures of Sarcopenia in Geriatric Outpatients

et al. 2015

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ObjectivesDiagnostic criteria for sarcopenia include measures of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Consensus on the definition of sarcopenia has not been reached yet. To improve insight into the most clinically valid definition of sarcopenia, this study aimed to compare the association between parameters of malnutrition, as a risk factor in sarcopenia, and diagnostic measures of sarcopenia in geriatric outpatients.Material and MethodsThis study is based on data from a cross-sectional study conducted in a geriatric outpatient clinic including 185 geriatric outpatients (mean age 82 years). Parameters of malnutrition included risk of malnutrition (assessed by the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire), loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss and underweight (body mass index <22 kg/m2). Diagnostic measures of sarcopenia included relative muscle mass (lean mass and appendicular lean mass [ALM] as percentages), absolute muscle mass (total lean mass and ALM/height2), handgrip strength and walking speed. All diagnostic measures of sarcopenia were standardized. Associations between parameters of malnutrition (independent variables) and diagnostic measures of sarcopenia (dependent variables) were analysed using multivariate linear regression models adjusted for age, body mass, fat mass and height in separate models.ResultsNone of the parameters of malnutrition was consistently associated with diagnostic measures of sarcopenia. The strongest associations were found for both relative and absolute muscle mass; less stronger associations were found for muscle strength and physical performance. Underweight (p = <0.001) and unintentional weight loss (p = 0.031) were most strongly associated with higher lean mass percentage after adjusting for age. Loss of appetite (p = 0.003) and underweight (p = 0.021) were most strongly associated with lower total lean mass after adjusting for age and fat mass.ConclusionParameters of malnutrition relate differently to diagnostic measures of sarcopenia in geriatric outpatients. The association between parameters of malnutrition and diagnostic measures of sarcopenia was strongest for both relative and absolute muscle mass, while less strong associations were found with muscle strength and physical performance.

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“…Although BMI as a marker has some utility in the older population, central adiposity may be more important, and BMI may require some modification to improve utility. [69][70][71][72] The take-home message of this review is that protein, particularly high-quality protein as largely expressed by WP, and preferably delivered using WPI, has great value for improving quality of life as we age. Importantly, protein sources should be of high quality, easily digested, available, and represent complete protein/AA mixtures and be seen as the "food that forms a part of the "medicine' of aging."…”

Section: Conclusion and Practical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition As a Part of Healthy Aging and Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: Improving Functionality in Later Life Using Quality Protein, with Optimized Timing and Distribution

Dawson¹,

Axford²

2014

Semin Thromb Hemost

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Aging is associated with many physiological changes, which may in time lead to numerous pathophysiological outcomes, including adverse vascular events. For example, senescence of the immune system and cellular senescence both contribute to rising inflammation with age, potentially induced by the overall burden of comorbid illness, adipose tissue mass, diet, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. In turn, this chronic inflammation decreases physical and cognitive performance, and promotes sarcopenia and the syndrome of frailty. These events and others decrease the functionality of life as we age and include an increased risk of thrombosis and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In this review, we aim to overview the aging process primarily as related to functional impairment, and provide evidence for the role of protein, and specifically differential quality protein, in particular whey protein, and timing and distribution of intake, to help reduce some of the morbid effects of aging, including reducing obesity, improving glycemic control, and improving vascular function.

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Relationship between BMI and physical performance among older adults

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Body Mass Index Is Associated with Physical Performance in Suburb-Dwelling Older Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study

Body Mass Index Is Associated with Physical Performance in Suburb-Dwelling Older Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Association between Parameters of Malnutrition and Diagnostic Measures of Sarcopenia in Geriatric Outpatients

Nutrition As a Part of Healthy Aging and Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: Improving Functionality in Later Life Using Quality Protein, with Optimized Timing and Distribution

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