Relationship between body mass index and adiposity in prepubertal children: ethnic and geographic comparisons between New York City and Jinan City (China)

Navder, Khursheed; He, Qing; Zhang, Xiaojing; He, Suyuan; Gong, Lu-xia; Sun, Yungao; Deckelbaum, Richard J.; Thornton, John C.; Gallagher, Dympna

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00086.2009

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar trend has also been reported in a number of studies for Chinese children [22-24]. In Chinese traditional opinion, boys tend to receive extra attention in early life, and are expected to be strong, while girls should be slim.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Analyses of body composition charts among younger and older Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years

et al. 2012

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BackgroundChildhood obesity has become a major public health problem in China. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of age and sex on the relationship between fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) in Chinese children using body composition chart analysis, and to compare the changing pattern with Caucasian and Japanese counterparts.MethodsA total of 1458 children (790 boys and 668 girls) between 5 and 18 years of age were studied to determine a body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The relationship of FFM and FM, FFMI and FMI were delineated by body composition charts.ResultsDifferent changing patterns in body composition were observed during 5-11y (younger age group), and 12-18y (older age group), with non-significant sex difference with FM and FMI for the younger age group and significant sex and age differences for the older age group. For the younger age group, simultaneous increase of FFM and FM was found in both genders. However, for the older age group, the increase in weight and BMI with age is largely due to the increment of FFM and FFMI in boys, and of FM and FMI in girls. In addition, different changing patterns in body composition exist between Chinese children and their Caucasian and Japanese counterparts, largely due to the higher fat mass component in Chinese subjects.ConclusionsOur results indicate that age- and gender-related changing patterns of body composition in Chinese children may differ at different growth stage, and differ with those in Caucasian and Japanese children at the same age period. Such changing patterns should be considered when designing the intervention proposal for childhood obesity in China.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Analyses of body composition charts among younger and older Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years

et al. 2012

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“…In a comparative study of body composition in Asian and Caucasian young adult females, results showed a similar PBF (31%) for Taiwanese women aged 20 to 29, with a similar BMI (23.7 kg/m 2 ) that we observed [18]. In a comparative study of prepubertal children from China and New York City, similar correlation patterns were observed with Chinese girls having the highest PBF and lowest BMI compared to girls of other geographic and racial origins [34]. In a large cross-sectional study of adiposity from a medical practice in Manhattan, BMI misclassified 48% of women when DXA was used to validate BMI [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Body Fat and Body-Mass Index among a Multiethnic Sample of College-Age Men and Women

Carpenter¹,

Yan²,

Chen³

et al. 2013

Journal of Obesity

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Obesity prevalence and average body composition vary by US race and gender. Asian Americans have the lowest prevalence of obesity. Relying on body-mass index (BMI) to estimate obesity prevalence may misclassify subgroups that appear normally weighted but have excess body fat. We evaluated percentage body fat (PBF) and BMI to determine whether BMI reflects PBF consistently across different races. 940 college students were recruited from a local public university over four consecutive years. We measured PBF by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), weight by physicians' scales, and height with stadiometers. Our sample comprised Asians (49%), Caucasians (23%), Hispanics (7%), and Other (21%). Participants averaged 21.4 years old; BMI was 22.9 kg/m2; PBF was 24.8%. BMI and PBF varied significantly by race and gender (P value = 0.002 and 0.005 for men; 0.0009 and 0.0008 for women). Asian-American women had the lowest BMI (21.5 kg/m2) but the second highest PBF (27.8%). Linear association between BMI and PBF was the weakest (r 2 = 0.09) among Asian-American women and BMI had the poorest sensitivity (37%) to detect PBF. The high PBF with low BMI pattern exhibited by Asian-American women suggests that they could escape detection for obesity-related disease if BMI is the sole measure that estimates body composition.

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“…Similarly, the Pearson correlations of BMI with PBF and TBF were 0.83 and 0.93, respectively, in a sample of 3-12-year-old children from New York City (White, African American, Chinese and Korean) and China. 11 In that study, for a given level of BMI, Asians (from China and Korea) had higher levels of PBF than White and African Americans. In our study, we found that boys from India had significantly higher PBF than boys in several other countries, but Chinese boys and girls did not stand out as being different than children from other counties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Association between body mass index and body fat in 9–11-year-old children from countries spanning a range of human development

et al. 2015

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The purpose was to assess associations between body mass index (BMI) and body fat in a multinational sample of 9-11-year-old children. The sample included 7265 children from countries ranging in human development. Total body fat (TBF) and percentage body fat (PBF) were measured with a Tanita SC-240 scale and BMI z-scores (BMIz) and percentiles were computed using reference data from the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively. Mean PBF at BMIz values of − 1, 0 and +1 were estimated using multilevel models. Correlations between BMI and TBF were 40.90 in all countries, and correlations between BMI and PBF ranged from 0.76 to 0.96. Boys from India had higher PBF than boys from several other countries at all levels of BMIz. Kenyan girls had lower levels of PBF than girls from several other countries at all levels of BMIz. Boys and girls from Colombia had higher values of PBF at BMIz = − 1, whereas Colombian boys at BMIz 0 and +1 also had higher values of PBF than boys in other countries. Our results show a consistently high correlation between BMI and adiposity in children from countries representing a wide range of human development.International Journal of Obesity Supplements (2015) 5, S43-S46; doi:10.1038/ijosup.2015.18 INTRODUCTIONBody mass index (BMI) is the most widely used marker of obesity in both children and adults. Although BMI cannot differentiate between lean and fat tissue, it is correlated with more direct markers of adiposity across the lifespan. 1-4 Further, BMI has been shown to be a good indicator of excess adiposity in children, 5,6 although there is evidence of moderate heterogeneity in its clinical usefulness, largely explained by differences in race, obesity definition and type of reference data. 7 Most research to date on the association between BMI and body fat has been conducted in high-income countries, and there is a paucity of data on associations among children from low-and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between BMI and adiposity in a sample of 9-11-year-old children from countries spanning a wide range of socioeconomic status and human development, and to test for differences in the associations between countries. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe sample included a total of 7265 children 9-11 years of age (3883 girls) from sites in 12 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States). 8 The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center (Coordinating Center) as well as the Ethical Review Boards at each participating institution. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or legal guardians, and child assent was also obtained before participation in the study as required by local Ethical Review Boards.Body mass and percentage body fat (PBF; %) were measured ...

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Relationship between body mass index and adiposity in prepubertal children: ethnic and geographic comparisons between New York City and Jinan City (China)

Cited by 23 publications

References 38 publications

Analyses of body composition charts among younger and older Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years

Analyses of body composition charts among younger and older Chinese children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years

Body Fat and Body-Mass Index among a Multiethnic Sample of College-Age Men and Women

Association between body mass index and body fat in 9–11-year-old children from countries spanning a range of human development

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