Relationship between catchment characteristics and nutrient concentrations in an agricultural river system

Ekholm, Petri; Kallio, Kari; Salo, Seppo; Pietiläinen, Olli-Pekka; Rekolainen, Seppo; Laine, Yki; Joukola, Matti

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00126-3

Cited by 103 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Activities such as agriculture, industry and urban development have a negative impact on water purification [10,11]. Furthermore, studies have shown that non-point source pollution resulting from increased intensity of cropland is one of the main causes of water quality deterioration [12]. For example, Turner studies the relationship between landscape patterns and water quality in the Mississippi River Basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Cropland Balance Policy on Ecosystem Service of Water Purification—A Case Study of Wuhan, China

Yun

Kong

et al. 2017

Water

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Urbanization has been responsible for the loss of cropland worldwide, especially in China. Since this trend is expected to continue in the near future, China has implemented the strictest cropland protection policies in the world, to guarantee its national food security. However, the negative impact of cropland protection policies on ecosystem services has always been ignored. In this paper, we used LANDSCAPE (Land System Cellular Automata model for Potential Effects) model to assess the ecological lands loss under different scenarios in Wuhan, China during S2010-2020. Our scenarios differ in whether or not the cropland protection policy is imposed. Then, the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) model was used to calculate the amount of nutrient export under two different scenarios and to analyze the mechanism of impact of Cropland Balance Policy on water purification. Results show that the scenarios with strict cropland protection (CP) will lead to more losses of ecological lands compared with scenarios without cropland protection (NCP). Besides, the nitrogen export in the CP scenario is average 8.6% higher than the NCP scenario, which indicates that the Cropland Balance Policy has a negative impact on water purification. The nitrogen export is transported mainly by subsurface, which is 1.73 times higher than the surface averaged over the two scenarios. Accordingly, this study proposed that reasonable land use planning, and lowering the nutrient delivery ratio would be more beneficial to the ecosystem service of water purification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Cropland Balance Policy on Ecosystem Service of Water Purification—A Case Study of Wuhan, China

Yun

Kong

et al. 2017

Water

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“…These values were higher than those previously reported. The previously reported impact factor was 0.04 for nitrate-N and 0.05 for TN, even for the intensive livestock husbandry area under baseflow conditions (Woli et al 2002) or grain-cropping areas using flow-weighted mean concentrations, including any flood events (Jordan et al 1997;Ekhorm et al 2000). It is clearly demonstrated that tea cultivation contributes to riverine N enrichment, which is probably attributable to large N fertilizer doses as high as 600 kg ha À1 , and the resultant excess of N over the tea crop requirement (Yamano et al 2001;Ogawa et al 2003;Yamamoto et al 2004Yamamoto et al , 2005Nonaka 2005;Yamamoto et al 2008).…”

Section: Tea Fields Are the Major Contributors Of Riverine Nmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Several studies have demonstrated that an increase in the agricultural field area within a drainage basin significantly contributes to enhancing the N concentration and load in rivers and streams (Smart et al 1985;Tabuchi et al 1995;Jordan et al 1997;Ekhorm et al 2000;Woli et al 2002Woli et al , 2004. Woli et al (2002) have defined the regression slope of the N concentration to the upland field area % within the drainage basin as the impact factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies conducted in Hokkaido, Japan (Tabuchi et al 1995;Woli et al 2002Woli et al , 2004Okazawa et al 2009) have shown the value of the impact factor for nitrate-N under base-flow conditions to range from <0.01 for grass-based dairy or horse farming areas to 0.04 for intensive animal husbandry areas. By using flow-weighted mean concentration including runoff events, the impact factor has been reported to be 0.03-0.04 (nitrate-N) and 0.04-0.05 (TN) in intensive arable cropping areas (Jordan et al 1997;Ekhorm et al 2000). The higher impact factor has been attributed to a higher excess of N fertilizer that is expressed by the surplus in the N budget (Woli et al 2002(Woli et al , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of agricultural land use on N and P concentration in forest-dominated tea-cultivating watersheds

Nagumo

Yosoi

Aridomi

2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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The increase in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and the decrease in dissolved silica (DSi) in aquatic environments attributed to human activities has been the focus of many studies. The resultant increases in the N/DSi and P/DSi ratios have been associated with the disturbance and deterioration of aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the impact of land use on riverine N and P as well as their ratio to DSi in 4 mountainous forest-dominated tea-cultivating areas in Shizuoka, central Japan. More than 50% of the drainage basins investigated were under forested land, while the land under tea (Camellia sinensis) fields varied from 0 to 18% and orchard fields reached up to 30% in some cases. The total nitrogen (TN) concentration was 5 mg L À1 at maximum, the majority of which was dominated by nitrate-N. An increase in the tea field area (%) within the basin resulted in significant increase in the TN concentration (p < 0.001) and in a considerably higher impact factor of 0.1-0.2 for the tea field. Orchard fields also affected the TN concentration in corresponding areas. An increase in the tea field area significantly contributed to an increase in the TN/DSi mole-based ratio. These results indicated that tea fields are a major source of riverine N. To maintain the TN/ DSi below the critical level (TN/DSi ratio <1.0), tea fields should be cultivated only in a maximum of 30% of the watershed area, and the TN concentration should be limited to 2.5 to 4.0 mg L À1. Based on the level of precaution (TN/DSi <0.3), the TN concentration should be strictly limited to less than 1 mg L À1, which is identical to the Japanese critical standard for environmental conservation of lakes and coastal seas. On the other hand, TP concentrations were almost always below 0.1 mg L À1 and the TP/DSi ratios were considerably lower than the critical level (TP/DSi <0.07). Excess N load in the tea-cultivating watersheds might accelerate the P shortage in aquatic ecosystems. N concentration should be reduced to prevent future problems. In most of our mountainous tea-cultivating watersheds, 1 mg L À1 of TN concentration could be achieved, and generally a minimum of 2.5 to 4.0 mg L À1 should be achieved. To reduce the riverine TN concentration, the fertilizer N rate should be reduced by using modern practices to enhance N fertilizer use efficiency, such as slow-released coated urea combined with cultivar selection, without producing inferior quality tea leaves.

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“…Nonpoint source pollution (NPS) from agricultural activity contributes substantially to surface water quality degradation in the United States (U.S.) [1][2][3][4]. During the last 30 years various environmental standards (e.g., NRCS 590 standard, Phosphorus Index) and watershed management practices have been implemented in an attempt to reduce NPS of surface water bodies but have been found in practice to be highly variable in their effectiveness [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Forecast of Hydrologically Sensitive Areas in the Salmon Creek Watershed, New York State, Using an Online Prediction Tool

Dahlke

Easton

Fuka

et al. 2013

Water

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Abstract:In the northeastern United States (U.S.), watersheds and ecosystems are impacted by nonpoint source pollution (NPS) from agricultural activity. Where agricultural fields coincide with runoff-producing areas-so called hydrologically sensitive areas (HSA)-there is a potential risk of NPS contaminant transport to streams during rainfall events. Although improvements have been made, water management practices implemented to reduce NPS pollution generally do not account for the highly variable, spatiotemporal dynamics of HSAs and the associated dynamics in NPS pollution risks. This paper presents a prototype for a web-based HSA prediction tool developed for the Salmon Creek watershed in upstate New York to assist producers and planners in quickly identifying areas at high risk of generating storm runoff. These predictions can be used to prioritize potentially polluting activities to parts of the landscape with low risks of generating storm runoff. The tool uses real-time measured data and 24-48 h weather forecasts so that locations and the timing of storm runoff generation are accurately predicted based on

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Relationship between catchment characteristics and nutrient concentrations in an agricultural river system

Cited by 103 publications

References 13 publications

The Impact of Cropland Balance Policy on Ecosystem Service of Water Purification—A Case Study of Wuhan, China

The Impact of Cropland Balance Policy on Ecosystem Service of Water Purification—A Case Study of Wuhan, China

Impact of agricultural land use on N and P concentration in forest-dominated tea-cultivating watersheds

Real-Time Forecast of Hydrologically Sensitive Areas in the Salmon Creek Watershed, New York State, Using an Online Prediction Tool

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