Relationship between Changes in Alveolar Surfactant Levels and Lung Defence Mechanisms

Pozzi, Ernesto; Luisetti, Maurizio; Spialtini, L.; Coccia, P.; Rossi, Antonio; Donnini, M.; Cetta, Giuseppe; Salmona, Mario

doi:10.1159/000195752

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Ambroxol efficacy is probably dependent not only on lung pathology, but also on the dose administered and the duration of administration. Our choice of 30 mg/kg/day was the dose already reported yet, larger doses could also be used safely [26]. The Ambroxol used in this study was safe and caused no complications which is in accordance to the reported researches [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Use of Ambroxol and Treatment of Klebsiella Ozaenae in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm: Case Report and Literature Review

Liu¹,

Qiao²

2016

J Neonatal Biol

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Introduction: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most common respiratory complication occurring in preterm newborns due to deficiency of endogenous pulmonary surfactant. Ambroxol, is a promoter of fetal lung maturity and indicated as secretolytic therapy in bronchopulmonary diseases. Klebsiella ozaenae, whose antibiotic susceptibility data is limited, is associated with ozena; a primary atrophic rhinitis (AR), RTIs, cerebral abscess, meningitis, UTIs, and is one of the leading cause of (ICU) acquired pneumonia. This case study reports the use of post-natal intravenous amroxol to treat RDS, and use of cefoperazone sulbactam to treat Klebsiella ozaenae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Case Presentation: A Chinese preterm, extremely low birth weight female (birth weight was 750 grams) was delivered by emergency caesarian section to a pregnancy-induced hypertensive G2P2 mother at 27 weeks' gestational age and was admitted in the pediatric ward because of severe dyspnoea with grunting respiration, tachypnoea, cyanosis and crackles in the lung fields. A working diagnosis of RDS was made and she was placed in incubator and neonatal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) was applied immediately. She was managed with ambroxol for RDS and cefoperazone sulbactam for Klebsiella ozaenae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria and was successfully treated by 3 days' intravenous gamma globulin therapy and 10 days' antibiotics administration. On 67th day of hospitalization, baby was discharged with a body weight of more than 2100 grams. Conclusions: The early application of NCPAP and ambroxol reduced the severity of this disease in preterm neonate and improved the clinical course of RDS. The combination of cefoperazone and sulbactam is effective against both of K. ozaenae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Use of Ambroxol and Treatment of Klebsiella Ozaenae in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm: Case Report and Literature Review

Liu¹,

Qiao²

2016

J Neonatal Biol

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“…Those that appear to have a major effect include: Antioxidants (Ambroxol (Pozzi et al, 1989;Pozzi et al, 1987), Niacin (A. Nagai et al, 1994;O'Neill & Giri, 1994;Q.…”

Section: Drug Intervention Studies In the Bleomycin Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bombesin early (Piguet, Vesin, & Thomas, 1995) 14 9 cHyp early (Poiani, Greco, Choe, Fox, & Riley, 1994) 15 0 Ambroxol early (Pozzi et al, 1987) 15 1 Ambroxol early (Pozzi et al, 1989) ID Compound Name Application Reference 15 2 Curcumin early (Punithavathi, Venkatesan, & Babu, 2000) 15 3…”

Section: Idmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bleomycin animal model: A useful tool to investigate treatment options for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

Moeller

Ask

Warburton

et al. 2008

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology

843

724

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Different animal models of pulmonary fibrosis have been developed to investigate potential therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The most common is the bleomycin model in rodents (mouse, rat and hamster). Over the years, numerous agents have been shown to inhibit fibrosis in this model. However, to date none of these compounds are used in the clinical management of IPF and none has shown a comparable antifibrotic effect in humans. We performed a systematic review of publications on drug efficacy studies in the bleomycin model to evaluate the value of this model regarding transferability to clinical use. Between 1980 and 2006 we identified 246 experimental studies describing beneficial antifibrotic compounds in the bleomycin model. In 221 of the studies we found enough details about the timing of drug application to allow inter-study comparison. 211 of those used a preventive regimen (drug given ≤ day 7 after last bleomycin application), only 10 were therapeutic trials (> 7 days after last bleomycin application). It is critical to distinguish between drugs interfering with the inflammatory and early fibrogenic response from those preventing progression of fibrosis, the latter likely much more meaningful for clinical application. All potential antifibrotic compounds should be evaluated in the phase of established fibrosis rather than in the early period of bleomycin-induced inflammation for assessment of its antifibrotic properties. Further care should be taken in extrapolation of drugs successfully tested in the bleomycin model due to partial reversibility of bleomycin induced fibrosis over time. The use of alternative and more robust animal models, which better reflect human IPF, is warranted.

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“…Moreover, it is well-known that it plays a crucial role in immune responses and inflammatory cascades [ 19 , 20 ]. In multiple IPF families, variations of surfactant proteins A2 (SP-A2) and C (SFTPC) have been found [ 21 , 22 ]. Heterozygosity affecting SFTPC has been associated with the occurrence of fibrosis at all ages, including pediatric forms of interstitial lung diseases (pILDs).…”

Section: Predisposing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plastic Interplay between Lung Regeneration Phenomena and Fibrotic Evolution: Current Challenges and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives

Lettieri,

Bertuccio,

del Frate

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders characterized by variable degrees of inflammation, interstitial thickening, and fibrosis leading to distortion of the pulmonary architecture and gas exchange impairment. Among them, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) displays the worst prognosis. The only therapeutic options consist of the two antifibrotic drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, which limit fibrosis progression but do not reverse the lung damage. The shift of the pathogenetic paradigm from inflammatory disease to epithelium-derived disease has definitively established the primary role of type II alveolar cells, which lose their epithelial phenotype and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with production of collagen and extracellular matrix (EMC) deposition. Some predisposing environmental and genetic factors (e.g., smoke, pollution, gastroesophageal reflux, variants of telomere and surfactant genes) leading to accelerated senescence set a pro-fibrogentic microenvironment and contribute to the loss of regenerative properties of type II epithelial cells in response to pathogenic noxae. This review provides a complete overview of the different pathogenetic mechanisms leading to the development of IPF. Then, we summarize the currently approved therapies and the main clinical trials ongoing. Finally, we explore the potentialities offered by agents not only interfering with the processes of fibrosis but also restoring the physiological properties of alveolar regeneration, with a particular focus on potentialities and concerns about cell therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), whose anti-inflammatory and immunomodulant properties have been exploited in other fibrotic diseases, such as graft versus host disease (GVHD) and COVID-19-related ARDS.

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Relationship between Changes in Alveolar Surfactant Levels and Lung Defence Mechanisms

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Use of Ambroxol and Treatment of Klebsiella Ozaenae in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm: Case Report and Literature Review

Use of Ambroxol and Treatment of Klebsiella Ozaenae in Extremely Low Birth Weight Preterm: Case Report and Literature Review

The bleomycin animal model: A useful tool to investigate treatment options for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

The Plastic Interplay between Lung Regeneration Phenomena and Fibrotic Evolution: Current Challenges and Novel Therapeutic Perspectives

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