Relationship between Changes in Intestinal Microorganisms and Effect of High Temperature on the Growth and Development of Bombyx mori Larvae

Sun, Xiaoning; Yuan, Qing; Du, Bowen; Jin, Xin; Huang, Xiyun; Li, Qiuying; Zhong, Yueqiao; Pan, Zhijuan; Xu, Shiqing; Sima, Yang-Hu

doi:10.3390/ijms231810289

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Microbial community analysis is a powerful tool in disease research [20]. In a previous similar study of the intestinal microbial community of insects, numerous microorganisms were found to live in the intestines of healthy insects, with the balance disrupted under specific environmental conditions, resulting in disease onset [21,22]. According to Koch's postulates, microbial community analysis is used in disease diagnosis because the initial condition of a disease-causing pathogen is "dominant" [23].…”

Section: Role Of Microbial Community In Inducing Sepsis In Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, in our microbial community analysis, shown in Figure 3, silkworms grown under the same conditions showed marked differences in the microbial communities according to the presence or absence of sepsis because of differences in the immune, nutritional, and physiological factors of each individual and S. nematodiphila introduced from the external environment. This is believed to be because the introduction of these bacteria disrupted this balance [21]. In fact, in the microbial community analysis of healthy silkworms, S. nematodiphila was not present in the intestines.…”

Section: Role Of Microbial Community In Inducing Sepsis In Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial Community Changes in Silkworms Suspected of Septicemia and Identification of Serratia sp.

Park,

Jeong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Diseases that occur in silkworms include soft rot, hardening disease, digestive diseases, and sepsis. However, research on the causes of bacterial diseases occurring in silkworms and the resulting changes in the microbial community is lacking. Therefore, we examined the morphological characteristics of sepsis and changes in the microbial community between silkworms that exhibit a unique odor and healthy silkworms; thus, we established a relationship between disease-causing microorganisms and sepsis. After producing a 16S rRNA amplicon library for samples showing sepsis, we obtained information on the microbial community present in silkworms using next-generation sequencing. Compared to that in healthy silkworms, in silkworms with sepsis, the abundance of the Firmicutes phylum was significantly reduced, while that of Proteobacteria was increased. Serratia sp. was dominant in silkworms with sepsis. After bacterial isolation, identification, and reinfection through the oral cavity, we confirmed this organism as the disease-causing agent; its mortality rate was 1.8 times higher than that caused by Serratia marcescens. In summary, we identified a new causative bacterium of silkworm sepsis through microbial community analysis and confirmed that the microbial community balance was disrupted by the aberrant proliferation of certain bacteria.

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Section: Role Of Microbial Community In Inducing Sepsis In Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Microbial Community In Inducing Sepsis In Silkwormsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Community Changes in Silkworms Suspected of Septicemia and Identification of Serratia sp.

Park,

Jeong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…The growth and development of the domestic silkworm model established in a conventional environment is too fast and the survival period of the model is too short, which leads to inadequate observations of the developmental stages of the disease. Temperature is the most important factor that affects silkworm development, since changes in the external environmental temperature influence the body temperature of silkworms, thereby affecting their growth and development (Sun et al, 2022). Different environmental factors exert diverse effects on the growth and development of silkworms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of diabetes mellitus model using Bombyx mori silkworms in a low‐temperature environment

Hou,

Tan,

Chen

et al. 2024

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Due to the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, researchers have conducted numerous experimental animal studies. However, the mammalian diabetes model is cumbersome and expensive to operate, while the cheap and simple common silkworm diabetes model has the disadvantage of a short cycle time. Since the growth of silkworms is greatly affected by environmental factors, we extended the five‐age cycle of silkworms by lowering the ambient temperature to establish a novel low‐temperature silkworm diabetes model. Our goal was to determine whether the low‐temperature feeding of a high‐sugar diet to silkworms could serve as an effective animal model for diabetes. Also, we aimed to resolve certain issues concerning the normal temperature silkworm diabetes model, such as the short time frame for experiments and erratic fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Silkworms weighing between 0.9 and 1.0 g at the beginning of the fifth instar were selected, and we created diabetic silkworms by feeding mulberry leaves containing 4% glucose daily in a 16–20°C environment. When the silkworms were kept at a cooler temperature, the fifth instar stage lasted for an additional 9–11 days. In the model group, 83.3% of the silkworms had blood glucose levels greater than 7.8 mmol/L, while the total prevalence of diabetic silkworms was 89.8%. Moreover, JNK phosphorylation expression rose in the model group, while PI3K expression fell. Additionally, the JNK and PI3K signaling pathway expressions matched diabetic signals. Therefore, using silkworms to create a diabetes model in a cool environment is a straightforward and cost‐effective approach to studying diabetes in animals.

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“…Genetic factors, lifestyle, and natural environment such as diet and ambient temperature ( Gould et al, 2018 ; Osadchiy et al, 2019 ) affect the composition of microorganisms ( Zmora et al, 2019 ). Changes in temperature can lead to changes in the function of intestinal flora, thus affecting the digestion and absorption of food ( Sun et al, 2022 ). In a certain temperature range, the increase in temperature helps in colonizing some beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract and promotes the digestion and absorption of the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different temperatures on growth and intestinal microbial composition of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis

et al. 2023

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The change in temperature will change the composition of intestinal microorganisms of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis, and the composition of intestinal microorganisms will affect the growth and development of juvenile crabs. In order to explore the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and growth of E. sinensis at different temperatures, the status of growth and intestinal microflora of juvenile E. sinensis reared at different water temperatures (15 °C, 23 °C, and 30 °C) were compared in this study. The results showed that the respective survival rate of juvenile E. sinensis in the three water temperature groups was 100%, 87.5%, and 64.44%. Moreover, the molting rate increased with an increase in water temperature, which was at 0%, 10%, and 71.11% for the three respective temperature groups. The average weight gain rate showed an overall increasing trend with the increase of water temperature. Moreover, the final fatness of the crabs in the 30 °C water temperature group was significantly lower than that in the 15 °C and 23 °C groups (p < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the liver-to-body ratio among the three groups. The results of the alpha diversity analysis of the 16S rRNA data revealed that there was no significant difference in the intestinal microbial abundance among the three water temperature groups; however, the intestinal microbial diversity in the 23 °C water temperature group was significantly lower than that in the 15 °C and 30 °C groups. At the phylum level, the dominant flora of the three groups was Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. At the genus level, the abundance of Parabacteroides and Aeromonas in the intestine of the crabs in the 30 °C water temperature group was significantly higher than that in the 15 °C and 23 °C groups (p < 0.05). The function prediction showed that the main functional diversity of intestinal microflora of juvenile E. sinensis in the three water temperature groups was similar and mainly involved in metabolic-related functions, but there were still differences in the effects of water temperature on functional pathways such as metabolism, immunity, and growth among each group, either promoting or inhibiting. In conclusion, different water temperatures can affect the composition and function of intestinal flora of E. sinensis, and 23 °C–30 °C is the optimal water temperature for the growth of juvenile E. sinensis.

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Relationship between Changes in Intestinal Microorganisms and Effect of High Temperature on the Growth and Development of Bombyx mori Larvae

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Microbial Community Changes in Silkworms Suspected of Septicemia and Identification of Serratia sp.

Microbial Community Changes in Silkworms Suspected of Septicemia and Identification of Serratia sp.

Establishment of diabetes mellitus model using Bombyx mori silkworms in a low‐temperature environment

Effects of different temperatures on growth and intestinal microbial composition of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis

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