Relationship between coronary function by positron emission tomography and temporal changes in morphology by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in transplant recipients

Arterial Remodeling

“…55 Despite diffuse endotheliopathy, some remodeling in response to hemodynamic stimuli appears to persist. 56 Although sympathectomy prevents inward remodeling after angioplasty, 57 the effect of denervation with transplantation on remodeling is unknown. Although such drugs as diltiazem and HMG CoA reductase inhibitors reduce angiographic progression of transplant vasculopathy, IVUS studies have attributed this to reduction in intimal growth rather than prevention of inward remodeling.…”

Regadenoson-induced hyperemia for absolute myocardial blood flow quantitation by 13N-ammonia PET and detection of cardiac allograft vasculopathy

“…11,12 Importantly, PET MBF can be assessed in an endothelialdependent (cold-pressor test) and endothelial-independent (adenosine agonist family of vasodilators) manner in OHT patients. 13,14 Previous studies demonstrated that resting MBF is higher post-OHT than in matched controls, likely due to increased resting heart rate and ratepressure product in the denervated heart. 13,14 Absolute MBF assessed by 13 N-ammonia PET is homogenous across diseased coronary territories, consistent with the diffuse nature of CAV, and abnormal coronary flow reserve (CFR) compared to control patients correlates with IVUS measures of CAV severity.…”

“…13,14 Previous studies demonstrated that resting MBF is higher post-OHT than in matched controls, likely due to increased resting heart rate and ratepressure product in the denervated heart. 13,14 Absolute MBF assessed by 13 N-ammonia PET is homogenous across diseased coronary territories, consistent with the diffuse nature of CAV, and abnormal coronary flow reserve (CFR) compared to control patients correlates with IVUS measures of CAV severity. [13][14][15] In the present study, the authors assessed the suitability of regadenoson to induce hyperemia, stress MBF measurements, and CFR determination by 13 N-ammonia PET for the detection of CAV.…”

Diagnosis and management of coronary allograft vasculopathy in children and adolescents

“…As well as myocardial perfusion reserve, perfusion of the epicardial arteries and the microvasculature can be determined [85,86] . In patients after heart transplantation, myocardial perfusion reserve measured with PET has been performed in a few studies [87][88][89] . Wu et al [88] found good correlation between IVUS and myocardial perfusion reserve even in the absence of angiographic lesions.…”