Relationship between design strategies of commercial three-way monolithic catalysts and their performances in realistic conditions

Nandi, Shreya; Arango, Paola; Chaillou, Christophe; Dujardin, Christophe; Granger, Pascal; Laigle, Emmanuel; Nicolle, André; Norsic, Caroline; Richard, Mélissandre

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2021.05.005

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Metal supported on cerium-zirconium-based oxides has been commercially used in three-way catalysts (TWC) 37 . Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a secondary pollutant formed within the TWC 38 and will become regulated with the introduction of the EURO 7 emissions regulations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Ce-O bond energy upon formation of O vacancies

Guan,

Yao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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CeO2 offers excellent oxygen storage capacity for catalysis and energy applications. It accommodates a surprising number of oxygen vacancies (VO), yet the driving force and origin of these VO are rarely discussed. Through a combination of in situ techniques and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), here, we discovered that upon formation of the VO, the remaining Ce4+-O2- bond energy increases by at least 0.2 eV. Such an increase in the bond energy provides an additional enthalpy change (ΔH) in the reaction of VO formation, stabilizes the reduced CeO2 phase and explains why CeO2 can host an extensive array of VO. This work demonstrates that RIXS is effective in probing metal-oxygen bond energy, possibly under working conditions, which is an ideal method to quantify electronic structures with material performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Ce-O bond energy upon formation of O vacancies

Guan,

Yao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…3,4 TWCs have been widely utilized in exhaust-gas conversion because of their excellent thermal stability, oxygen-storage capacity, and catalytic performance. 5,6 However, the utilization of the TWCs is accompanied by several challenges, including their availability, production, and development. It is mainly attributed to the reliance on rare and expensive metals, such as Pt, Pd, and Rh.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution, which is primarily propagated by the growing number of vehicles, has recently emerged as a critical global issue. Transportation has become a major driver of air pollution in many countries, prompting governments to introduce regulations aimed at reducing the emissions of harmful gases into the environment. , Three-way catalysts (TWCs) were first introduced in the 1970s to ensure compliance with emission standards in the United States, and since then, they have become the standard equipment in most gasoline-powered vehicles. , TWCs have been widely utilized in exhaust-gas conversion because of their excellent thermal stability, oxygen-storage capacity, and catalytic performance. , However, the utilization of the TWCs is accompanied by several challenges, including their availability, production, and development. It is mainly attributed to the reliance on rare and expensive metals, such as Pt, Pd, and Rh. , Therefore, efficient strategies for enhancing the catalytic performance of TWCs while reducing the reliance on these expensive materials must be explored, particularly in the future of increased demand and limited resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macropore-Size Engineering toward Enhancing the Catalytic Performance of CO Oxidation over Three-Way Catalyst Particles

Le,

Kitamoto,

Yamashita

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In recent years, transportation-related air pollution has escalated into a global concern, necessitating the development of a three-way catalyst (TWC) technology to address harmful emissions. However, the efficiency of TWC’s performance in mitigating these emissions has been hindered because of limited mass transfer efficiency within their structures. Thus, this study attempted to overcome the existing issue by synthesizing a series of macroporous TWC particles exhibiting various macropore sizes via a template-assisted spray process, aiming to achieve optimal mass transfer efficiency and catalytic performance. The synthesis incorporated various template particles (size of 67–381 nm) to obtain various macroporous structures. Thereafter, these macroporous particles were assessed for their carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation performance, revealing a substantial influence of the macropore size on the catalytic performance of TWC structures. Interestingly, among the investigated samples, those containing the smallest and largest macropores demonstrated the highest CO oxidation performances. Based on these results, a plausible reactant diffusion mechanism was proposed to explain the effect of the macropore size on the diffusion efficiency within the macroporous structures. This work may have significant implications in optimizing the macroporous structure to enhance catalytic performance in the gas purification process.

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“…Many technological solutions have been studied to lessen tailpipe emissions and reduce fuel consumption for vehicle engines in general, including the improvement of petroleum originated fuel quality (1), using alternative fuels (2)(3)(4)(5), application of advanced engine low temperature combustion mode (6), installation of catalytic converters on engine vehicles (7), and using fuel additives (8,9). The fuel quality of petroleum refinery and fuel production is always improved to meet the ever-increasing fuel standards but engines still need more other measures to reduce toxic emissions to meet ever-stringent emission standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitro-Paraffin Based Fuel Additive on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Motorcycle Gasoline Engines

Hoang¹

2022

ECS Trans.

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Studies on the effective use of available fuel resources and the emission reduction of vehicles towards clean energy are always of interest for the sustainable development goals of the world nations. For that purpose, this paper studies the effects of nitro-paraffin-based fuel additives on the performance and emission characteristics of spark-ignition engines of motorcycles running on E5 gasoline-ethanol blends. The additive substance is referred as Maz-Nitro (Maz) supplied by Maz Energy Pte Ltd., which employs a unique combination of nitro-paraffins and 1.82% of ester oil. The studies were conducted on motorcycle engines by laboratory tests on the chassis-dyno and by field tests on the road under different engine operating conditions and different additive dosages blended in fuel. The results showed that the additive with the dosage of 750 ppm gives a good improvement of engine operation in terms of fuel-saving and emission reduction. The average power improvement and fuel-saving at engine full load are 2.82% and 2.97%, respectively. The average reductions of CO, HC, and NOx emissions are 9.05%, 12.8%, and 2.03%, respectively. The use of this fuel additive may significantly contribute to reducing environmental pollution and saving fuel resources.

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Relationship between design strategies of commercial three-way monolithic catalysts and their performances in realistic conditions

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Dynamics of Ce-O bond energy upon formation of O vacancies

Dynamics of Ce-O bond energy upon formation of O vacancies

Macropore-Size Engineering toward Enhancing the Catalytic Performance of CO Oxidation over Three-Way Catalyst Particles

Effects of Nitro-Paraffin Based Fuel Additive on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Motorcycle Gasoline Engines

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