Relationship between Determinant Factors of Tooth Decay and Filling in Indonesia (Mapping Determinant Factors using Geographic Information System)

Abstract

Background One of the goals of Indonesia's participation in sustainable development goals to improve its health status. Efforts made to achieve health improvement are increasing the availability of healthcare facilities so people can easily access and get treatment for dental and oral health. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic and healthcare services factors that affect tooth decay and filling in Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional study using secondary data from Basic Health Research 2018 as classified based on WHO age as much 14.031 subjects are sociodemographic factors, utilization of dental visits, total decay, and filling. Health Facility Research 2019 data using 17.741 healthcare facilities. The number of dentists as much as 22.926 data through the Indonesia Medical Council on December 2021. These variables were tested statistically and mapped using QGIS. Results Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference (p < 0,05) between the female sex, living in the urban area towards tooth decay and filling. Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference (p < 0,05) between groups of informal, formal workers with unemployment, educational level in 35–44 years group between no school and elementary-high school with diploma 3-college and group of 65 + years between all groups, and also frequency utilization towards tooth decay and tooth filling had significant statistics. Spearman test showed a correlation statistically (p < 0,05) between the number and ratio of healthcare facilities and dentists towards tooth decay and filling. Conclusion In this study, there is a relationship between sociodemographic factors and healthcare services that affect tooth decay and filling. Efforts to equitable distribution of healthcare facilities and dentists, as well as an intervention to increase utilization by looking at all aspects of sociodemographic characteristics.