Relationship between functional and structural retinal changes in myopic eyes

Ismael, Zafer Fahiem; El-Shazly, Amany Abd El-Fattah; Farweez, Yousra Ahmed Thabet; Osman, Marwa Mahmoud Mohammed

doi:10.1111/cxo.12527

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…4 Considering visual function, 10 studies reported on ERG responses (multifocal and full-field ERG) in mostly healthy adults with different ALs, and identified decreased amplitudes of both a-and b-wave responses, correlating negatively with AL. [94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] Contrast sensitivity was only investigated in healthy myopic participants, and multiple studies reported a decreased contrast sensitivity in myopic compared with emmetropic participants. [104][105][106]…”

Section: Visual Burden Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complications of Myopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis

Haarman

Enthoven

Tideman

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

410

288

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Purpose To determine the risk between degree of myopia and myopic macular degeneration (MMD), retinal detachment (RD), cataract, open angle glaucoma (OAG), and blindness. Methods A systematic review and meta-analyses of studies published before June 2019 on myopia complications. Odds ratios (OR) per complication and spherical equivalent (SER) degree (low myopia SER < –0.5 to > –3.00 diopter [D]; moderate myopia SER ≤ –3.00 to > –6.00 D; high myopia SER ≤ –6.00 D) were calculated using fixed and random effects models. Results Low, moderate, and high myopia were all associated with increased risks of MMD (OR, 13.57, 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.18–29.79; OR, 72.74, 95% CI, 33.18–159.48; OR, 845.08, 95% CI, 230.05–3104.34, respectively); RD (OR, 3.15, 95% CI, 1.92–5.17; OR, 8.74, 95% CI, 7.28–10.50; OR, 12.62, 95% CI, 6.65–23.94, respectively); posterior subcapsular cataract (OR, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.32–1.84; OR, 2.55, 95% CI, 1.98–3.28; OR, 4.55, 95% CI, 2.66–7.75, respectively); nuclear cataract (OR, 1.79, 95% CI, 1.08–2.97; OR, 2.39, 95% CI, 1.03–5.55; OR, 2.87, 95% CI, 1.43–5.73, respectively); and OAG (OR, 1.59, 95% CI, 1.33–1.91; OR, 2.92, 95% CI, 1.89–4.52 for low and moderate/high myopia, respectively). The risk of visual impairment was strongly related to longer axial length, higher myopia degree, and age older than 60 years (OR, 1.71, 95% CI, 1.07–2.74; OR, 5.54, 95% CI, 3.12–9.85; and OR, 87.63, 95% CI, 34.50–222.58 for low, moderate, and high myopia in participants aged >60 years, respectively). Conclusions Although high myopia carries the highest risk of complications and visual impairment, low and moderate myopia also have considerable risks. These estimates should alert policy makers and health care professionals to make myopia a priority for prevention and treatment.

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Section: Visual Burden Of Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complications of Myopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis

Haarman

Enthoven

Tideman

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

410

288

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“…25 Therefore, it is possible that ipRGCs could also be affected with axial myopic eye growth, in which the retina is subject to structural and functional changes. 26 A recent report found no effect of refractive error on ipRGC inputs to the pupil control pathway. 27 However, another investigation found a significant positive correlation between a more hyperopic refractive error and a slower rate of pupil redilation to 0.1 Hz flashing stimuli, which varied as a function of light exposure over the previous five days.…”

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confidence: 96%

The ipRGC-Driven Pupil Response with Light Exposure, Refractive Error, and Sleep

2018

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“… 3 , 4 Another study investigating ERG in myopic eyes reported a relationship between longer peak times and reduced amplitude. 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axial Length in Patients with Myopia and Interpretation of Pattern Electroretinogram Recordings

Grudzińska

Modrzejewska

2021

OPTH

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Purpose To assess pattern electroretinogram (PERG) recordings in patients with axial myopia with a special focus on the correct interpretation of findings. Patients and Methods Sixty patients divided into three groups according to the spherical equivalent of refractive error (group 1, error −3 D to −6 D; group 2, error > −6 D; and controls, error −1 D to +1 D) were examined. Data for the right eye of every patient were considered in the statistical analysis. All patients had a full ophthalmic examination including the measurement of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, degree of refractive error, axial length, biomicroscopic evaluation of the anterior segment, fundoscopy and PERG. The differences of basic parameters and P50 and N95 amplitudes as well as P50 implicit time between groups were studied. Correlations between P50 and N95 amplitudes and P50 implicit time were axial length and refractive error was established. Results The P50 amplitude, N95 amplitude and P50 peak time differed significantly between the groups ( P <0.01). No significant differences were found for the N95/P50 ratio. Significantly lower P50 and N95 amplitudes ( r =−0.42, P <0.01; r =−0.42, P <0.01) and increased P50 peak time ( r =0.64, P <0.01) correlated with elongated axial length. A 1-mm increase in axial length corresponded with a 0.41 µV decrease in the P50 amplitude and 0.55 µV reduction of the N95 amplitude. There was also 1.11 ms increase of P50 wave peak time per 1 mm increase of axial length. Significantly lower amplitudes and longer peak times are associated with increased axial length and increased refractive error. Conclusion According to results observed in this study, the correct interpretation of PERG recordings requires the consideration of axial length.

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Relationship between functional and structural retinal changes in myopic eyes

Abstract: The retina of the myope is subject to both structural and functional alterations compared to that of the emmetrope. Significant correlations exist between the functional and structural changes and can be explained on bases of longer AL and increasing myopic refraction.

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

The Complications of Myopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis

The Complications of Myopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis

The ipRGC-Driven Pupil Response with Light Exposure, Refractive Error, and Sleep

Axial Length in Patients with Myopia and Interpretation of Pattern Electroretinogram Recordings

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