Relationship Between Gender, Stress, and Quality of Social Support

Kneavel, Meredith

doi:10.1177/0033294120939844

Cited by 57 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, in a strongly patriarchal society such as China, women in marriage rely heavily on their husbands' status, power, and social resources, and are more affected by the changes caused by widowhood (92)(93)(94). In contrast, compared to women, elderly males have smaller social networks and are less likely to initiate or engage in social outdoor activities (52). Thus, widowhood has little effect on changes in social network size for elderly males, and the mediating role of social support is not significant either.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Widowhood and Health Status Among Chinese Older Adults: The Mediation Effects of Different Types of Support

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Although many studies have suggested that widowhood is related to worse health conditions among older adults, few have examined the mediation effects of social support between widowhood and health. Employing mediation analysis to a sample of data from the 2014 wave of China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), this study examined the mediation effects of social support, including emotional support, instrumental support, and companionship, in the widowhood-health association among older adults. The results indicated that the negative effect of widowhood on older adults' health was in part attributable to decreased emotional support and companionship. Specifically, emotional support exerted a significant role in the widowhood-mental health association, and companionship exerted a significant role in widowhood-physical health and widowhood-mental health associations. In the subsample analysis, the mediation effects were only significant among female older adults, and among rural older adults. Our findings highlight the importance of emotional support and companionship in maintaining health among widowed older adults and strategies should pay more attention to female and rural widowed older adults.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Men and women may receive different types and levels of social support, which may result in different outcomes in health ( 52 ). For example, a study found that men benefit from social support in terms of improved mental health, while women benefit from social support in terms of improved physical health ( 53 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widowhood and Health Status Among Chinese Older Adults: The Mediation Effects of Different Types of Support

Guo

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Both male and female athletes benefit from having supportive teammate relationships (Scott et al, 2020). A recent study indicated that males reported smaller social support networks and less quality in their social support (Kneavel, 2020). Additionally, while male athletes have reported more sources of social support, female athletes reported relying on friends for social support more frequently and having greater satisfaction with their social support (Yang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderating Effects of Gender Among Collegiate Student-Athletes Receiving a Novel Peer Concussion Education Program

2020

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Background More than 460,000 female and male student-athletes compete in college sports each year, with 5.5 concussions reported per 1,000 athlete exposures. The majority of these concussions occurred during competition and are somewhat more likely to be reported by female athletes. Aims To evaluate moderating effects of gender differences in response to a Peer Concussion Education Program (PCEP). Method A total of 1,100 male and 511 female student-athletes from 60 teams (30 experimental, 30 control) representing all National Collegiate Athletic Association divisions from high-concussive sports participated before, postintervention, and 1-month following the intervention. Participants completed assessments of symptom and return-to-play knowledge, reporting behavior, and reporting attitudes. Results The PCEP was more effective than control on all measures, females in the PCEP showed significantly greater changes than males in return to play knowledge, intention to report self and teammate, and indirect attitudes for self and teammate. PCEP females were more likely to discuss concussions with athletic trainers, peers, and teammates. In addition, females had a higher likelihood of reporting their own suspected concussion. Discussion Females had greater rates of change in understanding of some key components of the PCEP. Conclusion These findings suggest that females may learn differently in a peer environment and have different attitudes toward reporting and safety when consideration is given to the well-being of others.

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“…Chen et al 42 found that male students reported higher levels of stress. However, Ng and Jeffery, 43 Shaw et al, 44 and Kneavel 45 reported that females were more likely to be stressed than males. Most recently, we reported that student-perceived stress levels increased substantially (18%) after 6 months in our institution's chiropractic training program compared with the 1st week of the program (t 406 ¼ 6.32, p , .001, d ¼ .33).…”

Section: Student-perceived Stressmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coping strategies and chiropractic student perceived stress

Zhang

Henderson²

2021

Journal of Chiropractic Education

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Objective To investigate coping strategies adopted by chiropractic college students and how these strategies affect student-perceived stress levels. Methods Four hundred seven (407) 1st-quarter students were recruited during 2014 and 2015. The validated Brief COPE inventory was used to assess coping strategies during the 1st week of classes. Perceived Chiropractic College Stress (PCCS) was assessed via a modification of Vitaliano Perceived Medical School Stress survey instrument. The modified coping instrument was administered during the 1st quarter (PCCS1) and 6 months later during the 3rd quarter (PCCS2). Results Mean perceived stress levels were greater after 6 months. Although perceived stress increased more for females than for males over that period, it was not statistically significant. Male and female coping strategies differed only in the preferential use of emotional support by females. Students generally adopted active coping strategies (eg, active coping and planning) rather than avoidant strategies (eg, substance abuse). Regression analysis revealed a moderate positive relationship between avoidant-emotion coping and PCCS1 with a weaker positive correlation between problem-focused coping, sex, and PCCS1. Avoidant-emotion coping also demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with PCCS2. Neither sex nor the 3 coping strategies were predictors of PCCS change (PCCS2 – PCCS1). Conclusion This study is a starting point for exploring the relationship between perceived stress and coping behaviors in a chiropractic training institution. Students generally used healthy adaptive coping strategies with minimal sex differences. Avoidant-emotion coping appears to be a reliable predictor of PCCS, with sex being a poor predictor.

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Relationship Between Gender, Stress, and Quality of Social Support

Cited by 57 publications

References 51 publications

Widowhood and Health Status Among Chinese Older Adults: The Mediation Effects of Different Types of Support

Widowhood and Health Status Among Chinese Older Adults: The Mediation Effects of Different Types of Support

Moderating Effects of Gender Among Collegiate Student-Athletes Receiving a Novel Peer Concussion Education Program

Coping strategies and chiropractic student perceived stress

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