Relationship between genetic risk and stock enhancement of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the Yangtze River

Fang, Di‐An; Luo, Yu-Ting; Xu, Dongpo; Yang, Xiao; Wang, Xiaohao

doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105829

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although actually the recapture rate was widely applied in the determination of economic efficiency of stock enhancement programs, estimation of recapture contribution rate (RCR) during fishery investigations is also beneficial for estimation of economic return rate per release, in case of absence of recapture rate (Fang et al, 2021). Identifying the differentiation between hatchery-reared fish and their wild counterparts is the first step in calculating the RCR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Stock Identification and Adaptability of Hatchery-Reared Black Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, Released Into the North Yellow Sea waters

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Successful stock enhancement refers to the maintenance of economic profit, whilst minimizing negative genetic and ecological effects. As hatchery environments differ from natural habitats, post-release identification of hatchery-reared juveniles, and estimation of their adaptability are essential steps in conducting responsible stock enhancement. The black rockfish is an important fishery species in Japan, South Korea and China. Overfishing has dramatically decreased natural resources and a stock enhancement program was first initiated in the Liaodong peninsula in 2019. We traced this program and used nine microsatellite markers to identify 279 individuals as being hatchery-reared, out of 710 captured fish, with a resource contribution rate of 39.30%. These results indicated that stock enhancement of this species is likely to maintain a positive economic performance. To understand the potential genetic impacts on the local wild population, the genetic patterns of S. schlegelii stocks (wild controls from 2017, wild controls from 2018, female broodstock from 2019, recaptured hatchery-reared fish from 2019 and recaptured non-hatchery-reared fish from 2019 stocks) from the same habitat were evaluated before and after artificial stocking. We found that the S. schlegelii population was able to maintain high genetic diversity and showed weak genetic differentiation, but potential genetic introgression derived from stock enhancement should be concerned. The hatchery-reared individuals showed good adaptability, as shown by feeding condition and growth status. There was no obvious morphology difference between hatchery-reared fish and their wild counterparts, but hatchery-reared fish seemed to be bigger in size (significantly higher in MDB and BW), had a larger head (significantly larger in PRL/HL and ID/HL) and smaller paired fins (significantly smaller PCFL/BL), when compared with wild individuals across all investigation months. Our results provided insights into management of black rockfish enhancement in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Stock Identification and Adaptability of Hatchery-Reared Black Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, Released Into the North Yellow Sea waters

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is one of the four majorly farmed carps in China (Li et al, 1984), which is a native fish species in the Yangtze River and its resource dynamics can serve as an indicator for the ecosystem (Fu et al, 2003). The Yangtze River is the main place where the germplasm resources have occurred for the silver carp in China (Fu et al, 2003;Fang et al, 2021). According to field surveys, the percentage of the silver carp both in the larval catch and the adult catch has sharply reduced from the 1960s (Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Silver Carp Resources and Their Complementary Mechanism in the Yangtze River

et al. 2022

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The global climate and environmental variability can induce fish adaptive strategy change and form a corresponding complementary mechanism subsequently. Because of climate fluctuation, human activities, and water conservancy projects, it has been reported that natural fish resources of the silver carp have been declining in a wavy trend from 1950. However, few studies have explored the potential effects of determining the relationship between the adult fish and fish larvae. Using the field survey method, this study analyzed the fisheries resource status of the adult silver carp and its early life stage in the Yangtze River. Results indicated that different geographic populations showed significant habitat dependence, and the adult silver carp tends to choose habitats with slow water flow, rich biological bait, and less human interference. What is more, its distribution pattern has regional and seasonal differences obviously. Additionally, redundancy analysis on the fish larvae showed that water temperature and water flow are the two most important factors influencing the fish larvae blooming. According to the generalized additive model (GAM), the hydrological factors that significantly influence the larvae abundance are water temperature, transparency, daily increasing rate of water level, and discharge (p < 0.05). Combining the historical and present research data, the results indicated that river and lake connected habitat is essential for the silver carp recruitment and migration. Future studies should focus on the complementary mechanism of silver carp both in the natural habitat and invasion waters. It is suggested that the spawning habitat should be well protected during the channel project and economic belt construction along the Yangtze River.

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“…In addition to directly increasing the biomass of wild fish stocks, stock enhancement helps local stocks to maintain self-sustainable development [3]. Stock enhancement programs have been widely applied for decades over 300 species, such as flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) [4][5][6][7]. In China, about 95 billion individuals composed of marine fish, shrimp and scallops were released into coastal regions during 2004-2013 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, negative genetic effects of hatchery-released juveniles on natural populations have been reported in some fish species. For example, the population structure of silver carp (H. molitrix) in the Yangtze River was changed by the hatcheryreleased population [4]. In a study of amago salmon (Oncorhynchus masou ishikawae), introgression via stocked fish changed the phenotype in indigenous populations [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evaluation of Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) Stock Enhancement in the South China Sea Based on Microsatellite DNA Markers

Wang

Weng

Yang

et al. 2021

Fishes

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This is the first genetic evaluation of hatchery-based stock enhancement of black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) in the South China Sea after a two-year monitoring period. In this study, microsatellite DNA markers were used to calculate the contribution rate and analyze genetic changes before and after stock enhancement. Two out of one hundred and sixty nine individuals from three recaptured populations were assigned to broodstock with a contribution rate of 1.18%, revealing that the hatchery-released juvenile fish could survive in the natural environment and had a positive effect on population replenishment in wild black sea bream abundance. However, we found that the release population had the lowest genetic diversity and significant genetic differentiation from other populations. In addition, genetic diversity detected in the recaptured population was lower than that in the wild population, and their genetic differentiation reached a significant level. Our results suggested that releasing cultured black sea bream juveniles with low genetic quality might be genetically harmful for the maintenance of wild genotypes. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the genetic variation of the hatchery population before implementing a stock enhancement and establish a long-term evaluation for monitoring the genetic effect caused by releasing this fish species.

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Relationship between genetic risk and stock enhancement of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in the Yangtze River

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic Stock Identification and Adaptability of Hatchery-Reared Black Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, Released Into the North Yellow Sea waters

Genetic Stock Identification and Adaptability of Hatchery-Reared Black Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, Released Into the North Yellow Sea waters

The Status of Silver Carp Resources and Their Complementary Mechanism in the Yangtze River

Genetic Evaluation of Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) Stock Enhancement in the South China Sea Based on Microsatellite DNA Markers

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